Abstract
A spiro-bisphosphate (MFR) was designed and synthesized via the reaction of spirocyclic pentaerythritol bisphosphorate disphosphoryl chloride (SPDPC) and 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (UV-0) with dual functions of flame retardance and ultraviolet absorption. The chemical structure was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The flame retardancy performance of MFR was investigated in the commercial epoxy resin E−44 with respect to pyrolysis and fire behavior by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index test (LOI), vertical burning test (UL 94) and cone calorimeter test. The results showed that EP/20%MFR thermoset (EP thermoset with 20 wt% MFR adding) passed the V-0 level in UL 94, and attained a LOI value of 32.2%. The peak heat release rate (p-HRR), total heat release (THR), average effective heat combustion (av-EHC), average mass loss rate (av-MLR) and total smoke release (TSR) of EP/20%MFR thermoset decreased compared with those of neat EP. The flame retardant mechanism of EP/MFR thermoset has been studied in detail. Adding MFR significantly increased char residues and mainly be responsible for the good flame retardancy of MFR. Besides, MFR demonstrated the better UV absorption capability than UV-0.
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