Abstract
A bio-waste metal free sulfonated carbonaceous super acid catalyst (BWC) is generated from sodium lignosulphonate, which is obtained from bio-waste sulphite pulping process of paper making industries. Here, we report a highly efficient catalytic a sulphonated carbon material catalyzed electrophilic substitution reactions of indoles with aromatic aldehydes to afford 3,3′-bisindolylmethane (BIM) derivatives. The synthesized BIM compounds were characterized by modern analytical techniques like NMR, MS, FT-IR, CHNS analysis. The BWC green catalyst was characterized by FT-IR, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal electronic microscopy (TEM) with elemental analysis. The significant features of this catalysis are easy catalyst preparation, high product yields, environmental benignity, short reaction time, broad substrate scope, with use of non-toxic solvents. The catalysts could be recycled with reused three times without decrease in the catalytic activity significantly.
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