Abstract
Carbon (C) and boron nitride (BN) fullerene materials (clusters, onions, intercalation, nanopolyhedra, nanotubes and nanocapsules) were synthesized by polymer pyrolysis, chemical reaction, arc-melting and electron-beam irradiation. Atomic structure and formation mechanism were investigated by high-resolution electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy. Fullerene clusters and atomic clouds (atom hopping) were formed on the surface of the C and BN fullerene materials. They provided angular and spherical nanocage structures which consist of four-, five-, six-, and seven-membered ring bonding. Detection possibility of doping atoms in metallofullerene was discussed. Included clusters showed some crystallographic relationship with {001} layers of C and BN fullerene materials, and a structure model was proposed. Photoluminescence and magnetic properties of C and BN nanocapsules were measured, which showed higher energy shift of luminescence and superparamagnetism. The present work indicates that the new C and BN fullerene materials with various atomic structure and properties can be produced by various synthesis methods, and a guideline for designing the C and BN fullerene materials is summarized.
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