Abstract
Core–shell nanoparticles consisting NaYbF4:1.6%Tm3+ core and XO2 (X = Ti or Zr) shell were synthesized by a hydrothermal method and subsequent hydrolysis coating process. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses showed that the NaYbF4:Tm3+ core was coated, respectively, with thin TiO2 or ZrO2 shells. Photoluminescence spectra, fluorescence intensity ratios and optical temperature sensitivity of resulting core–shell nanoparticles have been analysed as a function of temperature in the range from 100 to 523 K. The 3F2,3 and 3H4 levels of Tm3+ are verified to be thermally coupled levels by the emission intensity ratio technique. A better behaviour as a low temperature sensor has been obtained.
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