Abstract
A rapid response dual wavelength emission pH sensor consisting of carboxySNARF-1nanoreactors has been synthesized and shown to provide accurate pH measurements evenin complex biological media, where the unprotected pH responsive dyes have failed. ThecarboxySNARF-1 nanoreactor is made of a calcium phosphate shell coveringphosphatidylcholine liposomes filled with the dye. Its mean diameter is 150 nm withdynamic light scattering, the shell thickness is 5–7 nm with TEM, and it contains about10 dyes/particle. The nanoreactor’s response time to pH change nearly equals that of the dye in solution.Its pH titration curves at two different wavelengths are equivalent to those of the dye insolution and fluorescence intensity ratio dependent pH analysis is possible using themodified Henderson–Hasselbalch equation. However, the pH dependent fluorescenceratios of the dye in solution in the presence of plasma and albumin are distorted,and application of the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation is not possible. We havefound that the distortions may be restored using cSNARF-1 nanoreactors and thepKa of the dye in the nanoreactor then equals that in solution. These results suggest that theinterference to the dye for the pH analyses with the environmental molecules may bereduced or prohibited by usage of cSNARF-1 nanoreactors.
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