Synthesis and characterization of Lead–Nickel–Boron nanocomposite for radiation shielding application

Abstract

We have synthesized the Lead–Nickel–Boron (LNB) nanocomposite using Green synthesis approach for the first time. LNB is synthesized by solution combustion method using Alovera as a reducing agent. The released combustion products do not affect the environment to a greater extent resulting in less air pollution compared to that of chemical synthesis. The synthesized nanocomposite is characterized using various techniques such as PXRD, SEM, UV–Vis and FTIR spectroscopy. The non-spherical shape of the nanocomposite has been confirmed through SEM images. XRD & FTIR studies reveal the physical and chemical structure of the compound. Both experimental and theoretical approach were used to study the gamma shielding ability of the nanocomposite and its efficiency is comparable to that of pure lead. The value of mass attenuation coefficient of the LNB nanocomposite is found to be 0.44, 0.36, 0.13, 0.10, 0.06, 0.06 cm2/g for 0.276, 0.356, 0.511, 0.661, 1.173 and 1.332 MeV gamma rays. Highest attenuation coefficient and lowest HVL (half value layer-the thickness of any given material where 50% of the incident energy has been attenuated) values are observed at 0.276MeV gamma ray energy. Thus proving excellent efficiency in attenuating low energy gamma rays. It is evident from the results of high neutron absorption cross section and scattering length of value 8.5fm which is comparable to that of Lead. Thus, LNB nanocomposite has also proved to be efficient in absorbing neutrons as well as Bremsstrahlung radiation and neutron shielding efficiency is better than that of lead thus acting as a good neutron absorber. Hence, LNB nanocomposite is efficient and environmental friendly material which can absorb multiple radiations like X/Gamma rays, neutrons and Bremsstrahlung radiation.