Abstract
To reduce CO2 emissions, it is necessary to cover the increasing energy demand of e-mobility with renewable energy sources. Therefore, the influence of increasing e-mobility and synergy effects between e-mobility and renewable energy sources need to be investigated. The case study presented here shows results from the analysis of grid-side and energetic synergy effects between e-mobility charged only at work and photovoltaic (PV) potentials. The basis of the grid study is a simplified cell-based grid model. Following the determination of synthetic charging profiles for e-mobility, PV potential profiles, load and production profiles, we perform load flow calculations for different scenarios and a simulation period of one year using the grid model. After the grid study, the energy analyses are carried out using four key performance indicators. The grid study shows that line overloads caused by PV production are only reduced and not avoided by increasing e-mobility and vice versa. The increase in the power peak of e-mobility, by shifting the charging processes into the peak of PV potentials, leads to a reduction of the production surplus in summer, while in winter the line utilisation increases. By modelling PV potentials on real irradiation and temperature data, the investigation of key performance indicators can identify not only seasonal fluctuations but also daily fluctuations.
Highlights
To contribute to the reduction of CO2 emissions, it is necessary to change over to alternative drive systems such as electric vehicles (EV) in the transport sector
This time-shift is based on the fact that the PV power production and the resulting peak is available during the day, while the peak caused by charging at home occurs in the evening
We have focused on the user groups “trip to work with a private car” and “trip to work with a company car” in combination with a trip chain model to investigate the synergy effects between e-mobility and PV potentials in the case study presented here
Summary
To contribute to the reduction of CO2 emissions, it is necessary to change over to alternative drive systems such as electric vehicles (EV) in the transport sector. The investigation shows on the one hand the increasing peak load caused by EV charging and on the other hand, the time-shift between EV charging and PV power production. This time-shift is based on the fact that the PV power production and the resulting peak is available during the day, while the peak caused by charging at home occurs in the evening. To reduce this shift and thereby increase power self-consumption, a change in the Energies 2020, 13, 3795; doi:10.3390/en13153795 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies
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