Abstract
A 100% increment of antibacterial ability has been achieved due to significant synergic effects of boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) coupled in a three dimensional electrochemical oxidation system. The rGO, greatly enhanced by BDD driven electric field, demonstrated strong antibacterial ability and even sustained its excellent performance during a reasonable period after complete power cut in the BDD-rGO system. Cell damage experiments and TEM observation confirmed much stronger membrane stress in the BDD-rGO system, due to the faster bacterial migration and charge transfer by the expanded electro field and current-carrying efficiency by quantum tunnel. Reciprocally the hydroxyl-radical production was eminently promoted with expanded area of electrodes and delayed recombination of the electron–hole pairs in presence of the rGO in the system. This implied a huge potential for practical disinfection with integration of the promising rGO and the advanced electrochemical oxidation systems.
Highlights
A 100% increment of antibacterial ability has been achieved due to significant synergic effects of boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode and reduced graphene oxide coupled in a three dimensional electrochemical oxidation system
Since the graphene displayed obvious cytotoxicity toward bacteria, we build a Boron-doped diamond (BDD)-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) three dimensional electrochemical oxidation system to explore the antibacterial ability under the effect of electric field with the presence of rGO
Synergetic antibacterial ability was studied by both the sustained antibacterial ability of rGO after complete power cut and reciprocal promotion of hydroxyl-radical production in BDD-rGO system
Summary
The inactivation effect of E. coli was conducted under different disinfection conditions, i.e. only rGO, only BDD, BDD-rGO ( Fig. 2). Surface of rGO under the effect of electric field and suffered a heavier membrane stress from both physical contact and charge transfer E. coli cells were killed faster in BDD-rGO system because of the production of extra hydroxyl radicals, and the stronger membrane stress resulted from the acceleration of electric field to the permeable of cell membrane by rGO (Fig. 6). These results confirmed the different disinfection mechanism among rGO, BDD electrochemical system and BDD-rGO electrochemical system from a visualized point of view
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