Abstract
The syndrome of «intracranial hypertension» is often used in the daily practice of pediatricians and child neurologists. Unjustified establishment of this diagnosis leads to unnecessary prescriptions of diuretics, and it leads to complications (infringement of action of the kidneys, changes in electrolyte balance, etc.). The following diagnostic criteria of intracranial hypertension and distension are proposed: - Clinical symptoms: rapid increase in the size of the head, including a tension of prefontanel, and extension of the cranial sutures, frequent vomiting which is not related to food, restriction of the movement of the eyeballs upward and to the side, exophthalmia, convergent strabismus. These features should be confirmed by additional criteria. - Fundus examination: edema, swelling of the optic disc, expansion and tortuosity of the veins, the development of secondary atrophy of the optic nerve. - The results of sonography. - The results of CT- and MRI- examinations of the brain.
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