Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a chronic inflammatory disorders with increasing global incidence. Synbiotic, which is a two-point approach carrying probiotic and prebiotic components in mitigating inflammation in IBD, is thought to be a pragmatic approach owing to the synergistic outcomes. In this study, the impacts of dietary supplementation with probiotic Bacillus coagulans MTCC5856 spores (B. coagulans) and prebiotic whole plant sugar cane fibre (PSCF) was assessed using a murine model of IBD. Eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal chow diet supplemented with either B. coagulans, PSCF or its synbiotic combination. After seven days of supplementation, colitis was induced with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for seven days during the continuation of the supplemented diets. Synbiotic supplementation ameliorated disease activity index and histological score (−72%, 7.38, respectively), more effectively than either B. coagulans (−47%, 10.1) and PSCF (−53%, 13.0) alone. Synbiotic supplementation also significantly (p < 0.0001) prevented the expression of tight junction proteins and modulated the altered serum IL-1β (−40%), IL-10 (+26%), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (−39%) levels. Synbiotic supplementations also raised the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) profile more extensively compared to the unsupplemented DSS-control. The synbiotic health outcome effect of the probiotic and prebiotic combinations may be associated with a synergistic direct immune-regulating efficacy of the components, their ability to protect epithelial integrity, stimulation of probiotic spores by the prebiotic fibre, and/or with stimulation of greater levels of fermentation of fibres releasing SCFAs that mediate the reduction in colonic inflammation. Our model findings suggest synbiotic supplementation should be tested in clinical trials.
Highlights
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract that comprises two partially overlapping but distinct clinical entities: Crohn’s disease (CD) that involves the entire gastrointestinal tract and ulcerative colitis (UC) that is limited to colon and rectum [1]
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of probiotic B. coagulans spores and plant sugar cane fibre (PSCF), both alone and in combination as synbiotic to ameliorate the onset of experimental colitis in mice and further examine its underlying mechanisms
The present study clearly supported the premise that conditioning of the gut with synbiotic supplementation containing compatible probiotic and prebiotic fibre can be greatly beneficial to reducing the symptoms and severity of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis in mice
Summary
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract that comprises two partially overlapping but distinct clinical entities: Crohn’s disease (CD) that involves the entire gastrointestinal tract and ulcerative colitis (UC) that is limited to colon and rectum [1]. Dietary interventions are increasingly perceived as both preventive and corrective strategies to normalise the dysfunctional microbiome, altered immune and barrier integrity functions to normality in IBD [3,4,5] In this regard, probiotic and prebiotic dietary fibres (DF) are thought to be useful in mitigating the inflammatory circuit thereby resolving or preventing the severity of IBD. Probiotic and prebiotic dietary fibres (DF) are thought to be useful in mitigating the inflammatory circuit thereby resolving or preventing the severity of IBD Both bioactive ingredients can improve inflammatory parameters in the gut by modifying microbiota composition and metabolites, regulating secretion of immunomodulatory molecules and protecting the colonic epithelial barrier [1,6,7,8]. Synbiotics, being a combination of probiotic and prebiotic ingredients that positively interact, potentially offer prophylactic and therapeutic effects that could function synergistically to confer health benefits to the host
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