Swelling behaviour, rheological property and drug release profile of the anti-inflammatory drug metamizole sodium from xanthan gum–ZnO nanoparticles

Abstract

In this study, our aim was to determine the effect of the polymer matrix on the drug delivery system; active-drug-loaded xanthan-gum (XaG)-based ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized under the ultrasonic irritation method. We characterized the structure using UV–Vis, SEM–EDX, FTIR and XRD techniques. The morphology of the nanoparticles has been carried out using SEM, and the results revealed that hexagonal disc structures were prepared with a size below 100 nm. The consideration of theoretical error analysis in estimating kinetic model parameters for simulating the drug release profile was incurred, to find a general model applicable to multimechanistic release. Five error analysis methods for identifying the kinetic model parameters have been calculated and their comparison based on goodness of fit. Results showed that drug-loaded XaG/ZnO nanoparticles released the drug with the Higuchi model (R2 = 0.97–0.99). We compared the viscosities of nanostructures obtained by using different synthesis methods such as magnetic stirring and ultrasonic irradiation at different times (10–20 min) to illuminate the rheological structure. Comparing Krigbaum and Wall parameters (Δb) for all samples, XaG/ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by ultrasonic irritation method proved to be an optimal miscible formulation. From the results, XaG/ZnO nanoparticles can potentially be recommended as a reliable nanocarrier with the release of metamizole sodium (MS) drug.