Sustaining creative kampong through circular economy: a study on Binong Jati’s knitting industry

This article examines waste management and recycling as an element of reverse logistics in a circular economy. The concept of circular economy can be found very often in scientific and social environment. The aim of the article is to analyze the trends of waste management and recycling as a reverse logistics element in the conditions of circular economy in Europe and Lithuania. To achieve the goal were done: an analysis of theoretical sources to reveal the essence and connections of reverse logistics and circular economy, analysis of LR and EU legislation, development strategies of the environmental protection and waste management sector, analysis of EUROSTAT statistical data, monitoring, situation assessment and questionnaire survey. The main goals of the circular economy model are less raw materials, less waste, less emissions, managing such elements as raw materials, sustainable design, production, distribution, consumption, reuse, repair, collection, waste management, and residual waste. Direct logistics processes and reverse logistics play really important role in this concept. Logistics examines the movement of material, financial and information flows from the source of raw materials to the end user, reverse logistics examines the same flows, only in the opposite direction. Reuse, repair, collection, waste management are on responsibility of reverse logistics. For this reason, waste management in the terms of a circular economy cannot be seen only as the responsibility of the government and the end user (the resident sorting the waste). All participants in the supply chain, who were interested in bringing the material flow to the end user, and who created added value in the supply chain, according to the "polluter pays" principle, should take responsibility for the waste generated in the country, waste management and sorting, recycling. Because, for example, prevention of waste generation is a priority, and the cheapest solution is to avoid waste management and recycling. Thus, all participants in the supply chain must be interested and cooperate in the implementation of the circular economy. The general trends in the collection of the main sorted waste in Europe and Lithuania are not unambiguous, since waste management is regulated by different local laws of the countries. A general increase in the amount of sorted and collected waste is recorded, but not all countries demonstrate an increase, this may be related to the elements of the circular economy that have already been implemented, public awareness, declining consumerism, the economic situation in the country and other factors that lead to a generally more responsible approach to ecological aspects. EU newcomer countries are characterized by large increase in waste collection, regardless of waste types. Consumer opinion is quite favorable to the implementation of circular economy principles, but the main idea is that most of the responsibility for waste collection and management must be transferred to commercial participants in the supply chain.

PurposeThis study aims to highlight the impacts of a rapidly growing automobile industry on the environment and how implementation of Circular Economy (CE) principles and strategies can help us in improving its sustainability without compromising on our existing economic models.Design/methodology/approachIncrease in spending capacity, improvements in technology and decrease in the prices have catapulted automobile demand over the last few decades. Harmful emissions and waste generation during the entire life cycle of these complex machines need to be addressed in an urgent manner globally. Implementation of CE principles and strategies which are based on promoting a pivotal balance between environment, economy and the society can lead to minimize economic and environmental impact leading to better results for all the stakeholders.FindingsCarbon footprint or environmental emissions during different stages of an automobile life cycle can be minimized using CE principles and strategies without compromising on the existing economic models. Government legislation and keen participation of Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) and automobile manufacturers can drive the automobile industry toward sustainability despite growing consumption.Originality/valueThe literature review has been done with a fresh perspective to combine environmental sustainability with CE. This is a literature review of prior work done in this domain to explore the possibility of further intervention in this domain.

The chapter aims at investigating the barriers that overall hinder the implementation of the circular economy (CE) principles within the European manufacturing sector. Based on an in-depth literature review carried out with a systematic approach, the chapter aims at identifying and in-depth describing the external and internal barriers that affect the implementation of CE principles. In the end, a comprehensive map of such barriers and possible ways to overcome these are reported as the main contributions of the study.

The modern construction of transmission networks for transporting energy resources (e.g., crude oil, gas, hydrogen) or electricity is increasingly being carried out using trenchless technologies. Trenchless methods significantly reduce the need for extensive earthworks; however, they consequently generate substantial amounts of drilling waste. This waste consists primarily of a mixture of spent drilling fluids and drill cuttings. Due to the volume and composition of the waste, along with the rapidly increasing costs of waste disposal, the trenchless technology industry faces significant economic and environmental challenges related to circular economy principles in waste management. This article presents an analysis of trenchless construction methods for underground transmission networks, with particular emphasis on the quantity and quality of the generated drilling waste. Furthermore, research is conducted to develop a cationic flocculant based on polyvinylamine, designed to eliminate the harmful coagulants in drilling waste treatment technology. Based on the conducted studies, we propose a closed-loop waste management system for trenchless technologies. The implementation of circular economy principles, along with the integration of drilling fluid treatment systems with photovoltaic panels and energy storage units, enhances the energy efficiency of drilling waste treatment processes and aligns with global trends in the adoption of renewable energy sources (RESs).

The transition to a circular economy (CE) in waste management faces diverse challenges, particularly in Karu Local Government Area. This study investigates the barriers impeding the effective implementation of CE principles, drawing on survey data, comparative and descriptive analysis. The study adopted quantitative data collection and analysis methods. The sources of data used in this research work are primary, and secondary data. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data while secondary data included reviews of existing literature, policy documents, and reports. An estimated number of 400 questionnaire respondents were gathered. The results indicate that low public awareness (44%) constitutes the most significant barrier to effective waste management, followed by inadequate infrastructure (29.8%), insufficient funding (15.5%), and certain government policies (10.8%). Additionally, a substantial proportion of respondents reported encountering misinformation or misunderstandings regarding waste management practices, with 73.5% experiencing such issues occasionally or more frequently. In terms of community receptiveness to CE principles, 49.8% of respondents expressed a moderate willingness to adopt new waste management practices, suggesting cautious optimism for behavioral change. Notably, public resistance to change (32.3%) emerged as the predominant challenge in transitioning to a CE framework, alongside technological limitations (32%) and funding shortages (21.3%). The successful implementation of circular economy principles in Karu LGA is currently hindered by factors including low public awareness, infrastructural deficits, misinformation, resistance to behavioral change, inadequate funding, and lack of enabling policies and technologies. This reinforces the need for targeted policy measures towards increased public education, investment in infrastructure and technology, and the development and strengthening policy implementation towards facilitating the sustainable transition to a circular economy in Karu, Nasarawa State.

The circular economy entails the principles of rational waste management to the best advantage. Waste management in the Russian Federation is currently in a reform process, thus it is crucial to choose now the most efficient way for its development. Besides, in addition to general government strategic aims in such a vast country such as Russia, it is very important to take into consideration specific aspects typical of its territories, which will allow determining regional areas of activities. The article analyzes current municipal solid waste management in the Russian Federation. The case study is of one of the regions (Sverdlovskaya Oblast) characterized by some typical and specific problems which illustrate the results of the first stage of reforming. The authors analyzed the existing and planned mechanisms of state regulation in the waste management sector at regional and federal levels, and scrutinized changes in legislation. The development level of the circular economy in the region was determined on the basis of the index method. The life cycle analysis (LCA)-based evaluation approach made it possible to evaluate the economic efficiency of the production and economic activities at different stages of municipal solid waste (waste paper) recycling with due regard to externalities. The research showed that despite the current substantial economic potential of the secondary resources’ (waste paper) reuse, there was a low level of development of the circular economy index. Regional factors hindering and fostering the circular economy development were identified. Recommendations for improving the quality of governance of the municipal solid waste management were formulated.

The article deals with the problem of solid waste accumulation in the world and in Ukraine. The volumes of municipal solid waste and its distribution in different regions of the world are analyzed. The importance of efficient waste collection as a key aspect of waste management is emphasized, as well as the need for immediate measures to prevent further deterioration of the environmental situation. The article presents an analysis of the pre-war situation with waste management in Ukraine in terms of such indicators as the dynamics of waste generation and the share of its recycling, the number of operating business entities of various sizes in the field of waste processing. In addition, the article highlights the impact of military events on the environmental situation in the country and emphasizes the need for changes to build a sustainable economy, which may be possible through post-war recovery. In the context of finding solutions to reduce the negative impact of waste on the environment, the authors consider the concept of circular economy, which involves production aimed at reusing resources and reducing the volume of waste generation in order to ensure sustainable development. The basic principles of the circular economy and the hierarchy of waste management that has been formed in the EU are presented. In addition, the article presents the main program documents in Ukraine aimed at developing the circular economy, such as national strategies, plans and concepts. The article also examines the obstacles to the successful implementation of circular economy principles in Ukraine, such as imperfect regulatory framework, insufficient funding for environmental protection and waste management, and the lack of an integrated approach at various levels of the economy. Based on the analysis, the authors conclude that it is necessary to intensify efforts to implement the principles of the circular economy at Ukrainian enterprises. The authors emphasize the need to create incentives for innovation and investment in modern technologies to reduce the harmful effects of waste on the environment.

The current research work emphasizes the urgent need for a paradigm shift in Mediterranean tourism, advocating for the adoption of a comprehensive framework centered on sustainability in Tunisia. The establishment of an Inter-Ministerial Task Force is proposed to facilitate collaboration across governmental sectors, thereby enhancing governance and addressing the complexities of waste management within the tourism industry. Results reveal significant waste management inefficiencies and underscore the potential of integrated approaches that can lead to substantial environmental improvements. By fostering inter-ministerial collaboration, a strategic roadmap is provided that promotes effective resource recovery and sustainable waste management practices. Furthermore, the integration of the informal sector, exemplified by local recyclers, into formal waste management systems is anticipated to enhance social equity and bolster environmental stewardship. A comprehensive SWOT analysis identifies Tunisia’s intrinsic strengths, including its rich cultural heritage and significant eco-tourism potential, while simultaneously exposing shortcomings such as fragmented governance structures and insufficient infrastructure. It is posited that the creation of a centralized coordination body, coupled with the enhancement of public–private partnerships, could catalyze innovation in sustainable tourism practices, leading to increased investment opportunities and the successful implementation of circular economy principles. Drawing inspiration from Spain’s successful circular economy model, actionable recommendations for policymakers are offered, including the introduction of eco-certification programs aimed at incentivizing environmentally responsible practices within the tourism sector. Ultimately, the proposed framework aspires to position Tunisia as a regional leader in sustainable tourism, delivering long-term benefits to local communities through enhanced environmental protection and economic resilience.

Circular Urban Metabolism Framework

The textile and fashion industry is the second industry (after aviation) that pollutes the planet the most, and it uses natural and human resources excessively and irresponsibly. Fast fashion harms the environment. Fast fashion stands for low quality, low prices, constantly updated supplies, and high consumption of natural resources and chemicals. Nowadays, however, the evolution in the fashion industry from fast and unsustainable models to sustainability and a circular economy is firmly established. Fashion industry representatives are paying more and more attention to corporate social responsibility, business ethics, the implementation of circular economy principles, and the technological transition from linear production to a circular economy. The aim of this article is to evaluate the attitude of young Lithuanian designers towards the implementation of circular economy principles in the fashion industry. A problematic question is raised: how do young Lithuanian designers perceive sustainable fashion in the context of a circular economy? A qualitative semi-structured interview was used to collect data for the empirical study. The analysis has shown that the transition of the textile and fashion industry to a circular economy is a rather complex process that requires knowledge, significant financial investment in technological change, and greater consumer purchasing power in the production of products based on a circular economy. Moreover, new brands in the fashion industry do not always have enough information to start a business in the fashion industry based on a circular economy. A qualitative study conducted in Lithuania using the interview method showed that young Lithuanian fashion designers are very positive about sustainability solutions in the fashion industry and try to link their developing fashion brand with sustainability, but this is done fragmentarily rather than consistently. Young fashion designers state that they lack the in-depth knowledge and money to develop a brand in a circular economy. In conclusion, young Lithuanian fashion designers strive to create a sustainable fashion brand and link their development activities to a circular economy in a fragmentary way. Even after the research has been conducted, the question of how to get fast fashion manufacturers to produce sustainable fashion in Lithuania remains open.

The accelerated development of cities involves important inflows and outflows of resources. The construction sector is one of the main consumers of raw materials and producers of waste. Due to its quantity and potential for recovery, waste from the construction sector constitutes significant deposits and requires major action by bringing together different stakeholders to achieve the objectives of a circular economy. Consequently, it is crucial to understand the current knowledge of urban metabolism, deposits, and recovery practices. This article aims to investigate the role of local authorities in the planning of strategies to facilitate a circular economy; in particular, this article aims to answer how local authorities facilitate circular economy initiatives in the building sector and what opportunities and obstacles they encounter in the process. The strategy used for the study was to conduct semistructured interviews with those responsible for circular economy projects within local authorities that were pioneering circular economy projects in metropolitan France. The results highlight the importance of community involvement in the implementation of circular economy principles in the building sector. Thus, it is essential to identify the different stakeholders and their respective challenges to build an operational framework.

Highlights The case study farm produces 66% of its biogas from off-farm food waste sources, highlighting the potential to increase the circularity of food and agricultural systems when farms capture and recycle external waste sources. The farm can meet 78% of its crop nitrogen needs from waste products recycled in digestion, assuming a 37% nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). However, phosphorus in the imported food waste creates an excess relative to crop needs. The farm creates an excess of energy that is returned to the electric grid, providing broader off-farm benefits through a circular economy approach. Widespread commercial implementation of circular economy principles in the U.S. dairy sector requires more measured data about how farms successfully implement circularity within the constraints of market incentives and farm operations. Abstract. Coupling agricultural production with sustainable bioenergy systems may help us improve the circular economy of the food system and work within planetary boundaries for climate stabilization. However, leading sustainable dairies often do not have data to support that claim. As a result, practical case studies of circular economies with measured data from commercially operating farms are lacking in the literature, which is instead dominated by hypothetical and theoretical analyses. To grow and scale commercial implementation of circular economy and sustainability principles, it is important to understand how commercial farms implement these principles within the constraints of market incentives and actual farm operations. We conducted a case study of a commercial dairy farm in Pennsylvania, where a well-managed anaerobic digester system serves as the basis for a circular farm economy and allows the next generation to grow the farm business and expand the portfolio of revenue streams. The farm recycles food and agricultural waste into heat, renewable electricity, and fertilizer to heat and power the farm, amend the soil, and reduce farm costs. We also highlight the potential to scale the case study farm's circular economy approach in Pennsylvania using the state's projected 2030 manure, corn stover, winter double crops, switchgrass, and food waste resources to produce energy via biogas or renewable natural gas (RNG). We estimate the state could generate 40 million MJ annually from such integrated anaerobic digestion systems, meeting 3% of its electricity consumption. Circular economies like this case study can be designed in food and agricultural systems to operate within the constraints of an operating farm and recycle waste, produce nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich soil amendments and reduce imports of synthetic fertilizers, reduce and offset fossil energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions associated with crop and livestock production, regenerate natural ecosystems, help ensure agricultural resilience and sustainability, and provide economic benefits. Keywords: Anaerobic digestion, Biogas, Circular economy, Digestate, Food waste.

The adoption of circular economy (CE) holds significant potential to mitigate the challenges posed by the conventional linear economic model. The building sector in Saudi Arabia continues experiencing rapid growth, often marked by a consistent annual rise in the number of projects. The incorporation of CE principles into this expansion presents opportunities to optimize resource utilization, minimize waste generation, and enhance overall environmental sustainability. This study explores the current levels of awareness, perception, and implementation of CE principles among local building sector stakeholders and assesses the potential for CE expansion in the region. Additionally, it seeks to rank the identified barriers and enablers while exploring the interconnected relationships between such barriers. A literature review was conducted to explore the CE barriers and enablers. This was followed by an online survey which was conducted amongst 139 respondents from diverse stakeholder groups. A relative importance index (RII) was employed to rank the barriers and enablers, and the findings were subjected to statistical analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The outcomes of this study highlight a significant lack of awareness regarding CE principles among stakeholders, with a very low implementation rate. To break this inertia and encourage the adoption of CE practices, this study suggests the need for CE- supportive policy and legislation, and the provision of financial incentives.

At the current development stage of the Russian economy, a global trend towards sustainable development and focusing on solving the environmental issues extensively transforms the current economic linear model. The UN proposes sustainable development as a new future paradigm which determines the solutions for biosphere preservation, less degradation of the natural environment and better social sphere. Circular economy is aimed at introducing sound, environmentally friendly technologies in industry to reduce the consumption of natural resources. The purpose of this article is to determine the links between methodological approaches designed to assess sustainable development and circular economy. The hypothesis of the research is that the implementation of circular economy principles contributes to the achievement of sustainable development goals. The relevancy of these study tasks is conditioned by the need to develop a unified conceptual methodological framework for the theoretical substantiation of the material under study. At the first stage of the research, bibliometric analysis sampled 679 publications from the Scientific Electronic Library eLibrary. At the second stage, the articles which describe methodological approaches to the assessment of circular economy and sustainable development were identified. The indicators used in these methodological approaches are grouped into economic, environmental, and social categories. This helped reveal the link between them by their attribution to the assessment of the UN Sustainable Development Goals and circular economy principles. The study shows that the set of indicators for circular economy and sustainable development are mostly consistent with each other, which may confirm the hypothesis of the study. At the same time, the study reveals some principles of circular economy which lack any assessment criteria in the analyzed methodological approaches. The levels of methodological approaches to circular economy were found. The author proposes some areas for improving indicators that can contribute to the implementation of circular economy principles for sustainable development in the economy of the Russian Federation.

The article substantiates that tourism belongs to the resource-intensive sectors of the economy, which carries a significant environmental burden through a developed network of transport infrastructure, water and energy consumption, waste generation and, as a result, causes a significant impact on the environment. Therefore, an important issue for tourism is the circular economy approaches using, that allow minimizing this impact and are aimed at ensuring the sustainable use of natural resources, preserving biodiversity and increasing social and economic benefits for local communities. It was emphasized that renewable energy sources using by tourist infrastructure facilities can be one of the directions of the circular approach. International tourism is a source of carbon dioxide emissions through the use of various types of transport. The circular economy offers a transition to electric vehicles; bicycles; public transport, which is characterized by a relatively low level of emissions; hydrogen technologies and biofuels using, which is an impetus for reducing the carbon footprint. Waste management is another direction of the circular economy. For the tourism sector, the issues of waste sorting, the creation of closed water supply systems, biodegradable materials using, and the organization of resource reuse programs are important. Attention was drawn to the fact that the circular economy in tourism is an important tool in the fight against climate changes. Rational use of resources, preservation of ecosystems, reduction of carbon emissions, and the introduction of an appropriate certification system for tourist facilities – all this contributes to global climate goals’ achieving. The draft strategy for the implementation of circular economy principles in Ukraine was considered, which contains four strategic goals: development and harmonization of legislation for the European Union integration; development of business; public awareness, social responsibility of business; promotion of innovative development and «green transition», aimed at environmentally safe, competitive and sustainable economic growth of Ukraine through effective management of resources and waste. It was noted that circular strategies of Ukraine require unified generalized approaches for making effective decisions in the field of circular economy.