Sustainable Tourism Development in Glawan Village: Balancing Infrastructure Growth and Environment through Local Governance

Tourism has emerged as one of the strategic instruments and policy tools for community and regional development in Southern Africa (Rogerson, 2007 in Saarinen, et al. 2009). Gradually, tourism is rotating to the political centre stage as an instrument of social and economic empowerment (Binns & Nel, 2002). Consequently, local government authorities have instituted initiatives for promoting tourism as a sustainable economic driver in their municipalities. Sustainable rural tourism development is widely supported because it does not threaten the integrity of the ecological and social systems upon which communities and societies are dependent. Marien & Pizam in Wahab & Pigram (2004:165) argue that since communities are constantly changing, like the nature of tourism, evaluating community’s sensitivity and associated impacts should not be regarded as an temporary event but as an ongoing process. This study focuses on the strategic development of sustainable rural tourism in the rural areas of KwaZulu-Natal, more specifically Ntambanana Municipality. The objectives of the study were as follows: (a) To identify natural and sociocultural resources that can be used for rural tourism development. (b) To assess the participation level of local communities in tourism development. (c) To establish the extent to which the tourism policies and strategies are implemented. (d) To identify the capacity of the local communities to develop tourism products. (e) To reveal the challenges that impede sustainable rural tourism development. Data from a sample size of 320 were collected and analysed using the SPSS programme. The findings of the study indicated that there is potential for natural, cultural and heritage tourism due to the existence of a variety of related resources. The findings, however, indicated that local people are not aware of these resources hence the lack of participation in tourism development. Various strategies were suggested for raising social awareness and the promotion of cultural and heritage resources in the rural area. Keywords: Tourism, rural tourism, sustainable tourism development, socio-cultural resources.

The article examines the problems of tourism development in Ukraine, with particular emphasis on rural tourism. The need for economic revival of rural areas of Ukraine, combined with the growing emphasis on sustainable development and European integration, has created a new challenge for tourism as a potential tool for achieving these important goals at the same time. The development of sustainable rural tourism has become a priority of national tourism policies and/or strategies in many countries of the world. This article presents proposals for promoting the development of rural tourism in Ukraine. The article analyzes how the principles of sustainable tourism are of particular importance for the development of rural tourism, and examines how these principles can be put into practice through the implementation of regional rural tourism strategies. The advantages of this approach are discussed and recommendations for modern practitioners are offered. On the basis of the study of the current state of development of rural tourism in Ukraine, current problems related to the process of sustainable development of regions during the war and determination of ways to increase the competitiveness of rural areas of Ukraine are considered. In connection with the full-scale invasion of Russia into Ukraine, the article mostly analyzes the state of development of rural tourism in the western region of Ukraine, where this development is currently possible. However, the article emphasizes the need to develop rural tourism as a tool for increasing the competitiveness of rural areas in all regions of Ukraine in the post-war period. The article also substantiates the need for the development of rural tourism in mountainous, remote areas, villages, as an important stimulus for the socio-economic development of these territories. Rural tourism is, first of all, the preservation of Ukrainian traditions, the revival of crafts, the reduction of unemployment in villages, and the raising of wages to the urban level. In accordance with the European integration processes in Ukraine, the development of rural tourism can become a powerful tool for attracting investments with effective stimulation. We consider the rural tourism development strategy to be such a stimulating mechanism for increasing the competitiveness of rural areas of Ukraine. The article proposes the main tasks and goals for such a strategy.

In the past few decades, tourism has significantly impacted the ecological, social, and environmental dimensions, making sustainability facilitation more vital. These aspects are also regarded as the primary pillars of sustainable tourism development. Culture is the cornerstone for accomplishing sustainable tourism research and practice goals in many domains. Culture has received very little attention despite being the deeply rooted and reliable framework for human existence. As a part of cultural tourism, even Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) has been largely ignored in sustainable tourism development. Moreover, the varied sustainability dimensions do not explain cultural sustainability indicators and how these indicators influence sustainable cultural tourism development. Therefore, firstly, this research aims to develop and measure a new scale for Cultural Sustainability Indicators and Sustainable Cultural Tourism Development (SCTD) and, secondly, to examine the influence of Cultural Sustainability Indicators on SCTD growth. In this sense, data was gathered from tourism stakeholders using self-administered questionnaires. A total of 1000 respondents completed the questionnaire; 949 of those responses were deemed legitimate. The new scale development identified the seven most important cultural sustainability indicators- Authenticity, Awareness, Commodification and Transformation, Empowerment, Parallel Development, Promotion, and Sustainability Practices, and one indicator of SCTD growth-SCTD, through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) in SPSS 20. Further, to investigate the influence of cultural sustainability indicators on the growth of SCTD, additional analysis is conducted using PLS-SEM in Smart PLS 4. The study results showed that, except for parallel development and promotion, the five cultural sustainability indicators significantly and positively influence SCTD. Thus, the study concludes that culture is one of the most important aspects of developing a sustainable tourism industry and may be used to assess the sustainability of tourist destinations. The primary contribution of this work is a scale that depicts current perspectives and solutions for the cultural tourism sector as perceived by different stakeholders.

1. Introduction 2. The Case of Inkaterra: Pioneering Ecotourism in Peru 3. Integrated Circuits as a Tool for the Development of Sustainable Tourism in the Amazon 4. Bringing Sustainability to the Brazilian Hotel Industry 5. Preferences Regarding Restoration and Development at Copan Archeological Park 6. Mamiraua: Community Based Ecotourism in a Sustainable Development Reserve in the Amazon Basin 7. Ecuador: Huaorani Ecolodge 8. Tourism in the Peruvian Amazon: Experiences of a Private-Communal Partnership 9. Key issues and challenges to the development of Community-based Ecotourism in Guatemala 10. Tourism cluster among livestock: the Case of Bonito (MS), Brazil 11. Diversified Nature Tourism on St. Vincent 12. Can Ecotourism Support Coral Reef Conservation? Experiences of Chumbe Island Coral Park Ltd in Zanzibar / Tanzania 13. Blossoms & Butterflies, Waterfalls and Dragonflies: Integrating Insects in the Hospitality and Tourism Industries through Swarm Supposition 14. Sustainable Tourism Development in the Masai Mara National Reserve Kenya: Stakeholder Perspectives 15. Ecotourism in Vulnerable Regions: Opportunities and Obstacles to Development - The Case of Cantanhez, Guine-Bissau 16. Minimission-Tourism in Ethiopia: A New Subspecies of Sustainable Volunteer Tourism? 17. Botswana: The Selinda Reserve 18. Sustainable Development of a Remote Tourist Destination: The Case of Soomaa National Park, Estonia 19. Challenges in Rural Ethnic Tourism Development: A Case Study from Yunnan, China 20. Hotel Management Education in Bhutan: Teaching Sustainable Principles 21. Investigating Potential Benefits of Proposed Eco-retrofits to an Existing Tourist Lodge in the Sundarbans, India 22. Urban Green Parks: Sustainable Tourism, Biodiversity and Quality Of Life: A Case Study 23. Philippine Sustainable Tourism Initiatives: Issues and Challenges 24. Turtle Night Watch Nature Tourism: Sharing Benefits to Sustain Local Community and Sea Turtles in Rekawa Sanctuary, Sri Lanka 25. Six Senses Hideaway Ninh Van Bay, Vietnam: Where Luxury Meets Sustainable Tourism 26. Tourist Destinations with Planned Interventions: The Success of Kumily in Kerala, India 27. The Development and Promotion Guidelines of Organic Farms for Sustainable Tourism

In recent years, Sichuan Province, as a major agricultural province in China, has taken the development of sustainable rural tourism as an important path to achieve rural revitalization..This paper first establishes an evaluation index system for sustainable development of rural tourism in Sichuan Province, compares the weights of evaluation indicators through the AHP-DEMATEL method, and determines the key factors for sustainable development of rural tourism in Sichuan Province. Through analysis。Rational use of natural resources, folk culture, environmental protection, and human resources have a greater impact on the sustainable development of tourism in Sichuan Province. From an international perspective, The sustainable development of rural tourism in Sichuan Province can be carried out from the following aspects：(1)Improve the quality of rural tourism resources through international cooperation. (2) Deeply explore folk culture and promote the integrated development of culture and tourism by incorporating lobal marketing strategies. (3) Improve the tourism talent training mechanism and enhance the service level and capacity of rural tourism.

The purpose of this research is to determine the process of formation and legal consequences of Kradenan Village Regulations, Kaliwungu District, Semarang Regency No. 11 of 2022 concerning Village Market Levies. The research subjects were traders at Kradenan Village's Firm Market. The research method used is an empirical juridical approach. Data collection techniques are literature study, interviews, observation and documentation. The qualitative descriptive data analysis technique is in the form of an interactive analysis model. The results of the research show that the process of forming village regulations regarding village market levies is 1) village regulations are determined by the village head with the BPD, 2) hamlet deliberation 3) village deliberation, 4) village head conveys village regulations to the regent or mayor through the subdistrict head as a supervisory control or coaching, 5) Village government and BPD disseminate information regarding Kradenan Village regulations, Kaliwungu District, Semarang Regency No. 11 of 2022 concerning village market levies on the community and stakeholders. The legal consequences of village regulations regarding village market levies are warning sanctions and administrative sanctions for violations and non-compliance with these regulations. The conclusion of the research is that the impact of village regulations regarding village market levies is very significant in increasing PAD, empowering village-owned assets, prospering and improving the economy of village communities. To optimize PAD, it needs to be determined and regulated in village market levies

ABSTRACTThe future of the tourism industry is dependent on local communities’ ability to develop and sustain tourism developments, especially in sensitive rural areas. But there is limited research on this topic to guide tourism authorities and governments. In particular, few studies have studied sustainable rural tourism development from the perspective of the local communities. Therefore, this study examines local communities’ views on their capability to achieve sustainable rural tourism development in selected rural areas in Kuching, Sarawak. Questionnaires were distributed to the local communities residing at three rural tourism destinations in Kuching, Sarawak. Interestingly, the results indicated that local communities’ self-efficacy has a positive relationship with social, cultural, economic, and environmental sustainability. Hence, this study offers theoretical and practical contributions to sustainable rural tourism development literature and the tourism industry.

Rural tourism is an interpretation of the development of culture-based and environmentally sustainable tourism and involves various stakeholders including local communities. Data were analyzed using the SEM-PLS, sample Research respondents numbered 192 including farmers, tourism industry players, village leaders, NGOs, academics and the government. The findings of this study are that community involvement in sustainable rural tourism has a positive and significant impact on efforts to build a comparative advantage of village tourism. Meanwhile, community involvement does not have a significant effect on efforts to build competitive advantage. Government involvement in sustainable rural tourism has no significant effect on efforts to build a comparative advantage of village tourism. Meanwhile, government involvement has a positive and significant effect on efforts to build a competitive advantage in rural tourism. The involvement of the private sector and non-governmental organizations has a positive and significant effect on sustainable rural tourism and the competitive advantage of rural tourism. Meanwhile, the involvement of the private sector and non-governmental organizations has no significant effect on the comparative advantage of rural tourism. The role of the Government involvement, the private sector must be linked with the non-governmental organizations self-help so that it has a positive impact towards the development of sustainable rural tourism.

This paper examines the concept of sustainable tourism development in urban destinations. Both qualitative and quantitative data are employed, from interviews and questionnaires undertaken in Victoria and Calgary, Canada, and San Francisco, USA. Respondents representing the three clusters of the tourism industry, local government and the host environment were examined on their interpretation of ‘sustainable tourism’, sustainability goals and barriers to achieving sustainable tourism in urban destinations. Results revealed important similarities and differences among key stakeholders, and particularly a lack of appreciation for a triple bottom line approach among the tourism industry respondents. Implications are discussed for building a more participative policy approach to sustainable urban tourism development. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the empowerment of rural women in the context of sustainable tourism development, identify the factors that influence their empowerment, examine the impact of women's empowerment on sustainable tourism development, and explore innovative approaches to empower rural women. Theoretical Framework: This study combines four factors that influence women's empowerment, namely women's entrepreneurship, education, social capital, and human capital, to form a theoretical framework based on empowerment theory, and uses the empowerment of women as a mediator to explore the elements that impact the sustainable growth of rural tourism. Design/Methodology/Approach: A mixed research method was employed, starting with qualitative research, where 11 relevant interviews were conducted to gain a preliminary understanding of the factors affecting women's empowerment and the sustainability of rural tourism. Subsequently, a 68-item survey questionnaire was used in the quantitative research stage. A total of 340 responses were collected. The reliability of the questionnaire was tested using Cronbach's alpha, and validation factor analysis was used to assess its validity. Structural analysis and equation modeling (SEM) techniques were used to test the hypotheses of the study. Findings: The study shows that women's entrepreneurship, education, human and social capital have a positive impact on women's empowerment and sustainable growth of rural tourism. Women's empowerment mediates the relationship between these factors and sustainable development of rural tourism, which also positively impacts sustainable community, economic, environmental, and cultural development. Therefore, promoting women's empowerment and enhancing their access to education and resources are essential for achieving sustainable growth of rural tourism and community development. Research, Practical & Social implications: This study proposes a new theoretical framework that includes female entrepreneurship, education, social capital, and human capital to fill the gap in knowledge. The development of women in rural tourism is also crucial for society's progress towards civilization, and policies and incentives should be implemented to encourage their participation and ensure their effective involvement. This will contribute to the growth and sustainable development of China's rural tourism industry. Originality/value: This research provides valuable insights into the role of women's empowerment, education, human capital, and social capital in driving sustainable rural tourism development.Furthermore, this research has a significant impact on how Chinese farmers participate in rural tourism in the future, providing insights into rural revitalization efforts. This study underscores the importance of innovative research in driving perspectives on rural tourism and empowering women, which are essential elements for the sustainable development of rural communities.

The development of the tourism sector has been a question of strategic importance for Hungary, a small, open economy with limited natural resources. At the same time, these efforts often generate considerable environmental conflicts, decreasing the sustainability of the environment. To understand the potential methods of sustainable tourism development, and to develop the optimal policy, it is essential to clarify the actors, their systems of interest and the potential ways of forging coalitions between them. The article presents an analysis of two case studies of rural tourism development: the “softening” of tourism at the most important touristic attraction in Hungary, Lake Balaton; and the conflicts arising from wine tourism development. Based on institutional economics, principle–agent theory and strategic management, and applying the MACTOR method, the authors identify the key actors, present the network of their mutual influences and goals, determine the most important conflicts and highlight the potential coalitions between them from the point of view of sustainable rural tourism development, as well as ways to further develop the regulatory environment. Based on this analysis, the article proves: (1) the importance of the modernization and re-organization of the public administration structure, focusing on optimal utilization of resources, as opposed to attaching to traditions; (2) the importance of forming clusters of different partners; (3) the strengthening of the knowledge base of decisions concerning sustainable tourism management; and (4) increasing conscious planning, based on the inclusion of different interest groups and long-term prognoses in local decision making, minimises the environmental burden of tourism.

Sustainable tourism development has to pay attention to social, economic, and environmental factors, which is essential in supporting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The key actors' involvement in tourism development determines its success. This study aims to analyze the strength and convergence between stakeholders or actors who play a role and are involved in the development of Top-Selfie in Kragilan, Magelang, Indonesia, especially from the strategic issues of Increasing Income, Expanding Employment, Increasing Tourists, Poverty Reduction, and Maintaining Local Wisdom, Infrastructure Development, and Pine Forest Conservation. In-depth interviews were conducted with seven important actors, namely (1) The Youth, Sports, and Tourism Office, and (2) the Mount. Merbabu National Park, (3) the village government, (4) the Tourism Awareness Group, (5) Visitors, (6) Local Communities, and (7) Business Actors. The result is the Youth, Sports, and Tourism Offices, Mount. Merbabu National Park and tourism awareness groups are the main actors in developing sustainable tourism in Kragilan's Top Selfie.

This study aims to examine community participation in the development of sustainable cultural heritage tourism in Braga Tourism Village, Bandung City. Initiated by the Bandung City Office of Culture and Tourism (DISBUDPAR) through a top-down approach as part of a tourism village activation program, the implementation of this initiative has raised concerns regarding the limited involvement of local residents. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through document analysis, field observations, and in-depth interviews with key stakeholders including street vendors, tourism awareness groups, village officials, and representatives of the local tourism office. Data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model through data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that while the initial planning was government-driven, local communities have gradually taken the lead in sustaining tourism activities by initiating creative and community-based programs. Public facilities and government-provided training have supported tourism development, yet the optimization of these resources remains limited due to insufficient community capacity. Moreover, the preservation of cultural heritage particularly Braga’s historic buildings and urban identity has been maintained through a combination of formal regulations and civic engagement. The study concludes that the success of sustainable tourism in urban heritage settings such as Braga depends on effective collaboration between government and communities, with local residents playing a central role in preserving cultural values while deriving socio-economic benefits.

Part A Sustainable tourism - theory and planning: environmental impacts on tourist destinations - an economic analysis, D. Buhalis and J. Fletcher the environmental internalities of tourism - theoretical analysis and policy implications, H. Briassoulis new trends in leisure and tourism affecting the tourist industry and destination areas, T.Z. de Haan environmental quality and tourism and the environment, G.J. Ashworth provate and public development strategies for sustainable tourism development of island economies, H. Janssen, M. Kiers and P. Nijkamp planning for tourism at local level - maintaining the balance with the environment, J. Westlake specialization in tourism - the case of a small open economy, A. Lanza and F. Pigliaru. Part B Policy case studies in sustainable tourism: assessing the interaction between heritage, environment and tourism - Mykonos, H. Coccossis and A. Parpairis sustainable tourism development - a case study of Lesbos, P. Nijkamp and S. Verdonkschot the environments of coastal marinas, J.A. Edwards environmental impacts in the Loch Lomond area of Scotland, G.Dickinson rural tourism development - using a sustainable tourism development approach, B. Nitsch and J. van Straaten problems of tourism development in Spain, G.K. Priestley.

An interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral group of academics, tourism practitioners, community and governmental representatives have met and traveled together for workshops on Sustainable Arctic Tourism Development in Finnmark, Norway (April, 2018) and northern Iceland (March, 2019). This chapter describes and analyzes lessons from these workshops on the interdependent roles of local community action and government intervention in sustainable tourism development. Tourism is envisioned to provide opportunities to sustainable economic development in the Nordic Arctic. However, community concerns range widely, including from lack of tourists in some areas to overtourism in others. More concretely, they include concerns about how to conserve and share resources such as fishery stocks or marine mammal populations across growing, and uncertain, multi-use demands. The scale and scope of community action across a variety of forms, including local entrepreneurship and investment, the formation of resource conservation associations and/or associations that increase local tourism capacities as well as balance of power in negotiations with larger-scale tourism activities (e.g. large cruise ships), shapes the scope and need for government interventions, including direct and indirect regulations (e.g. access limits vs. sanctions for unfair business practices such as price gouging), monitoring, investments, and related decision-making. Community engagement and government action co-evolve; both positive and negative feedback loops are possible, and the cases experienced through the workshop highlight ways to promote successful, self-reinforcing community outcomes and avoid negative ones.KeywordsSustainable tourismNordic Arctic tourismIcelandic tourism and sustainabilityNorwegian Arctic tourism and sustainabilityCoordination of action for sustainable tourism