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Abstract
Transitioning to biofuels is crucial for achieving sustainable energy systems and fostering greener urban transportation. This study investigates the performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel derived from Dunaliella tertiolecta, a saline microalga with high lipid content, blended with conventional diesel (B20). A novel renewable hybrid energy system, incorporating a parabolic trough collector and solar still desalination, was employed for efficient biomass cultivation and biodiesel production. Engine tests were conducted under cold-start conditions (+5 °C) using a single-cylinder, four-stroke, air-cooled compression ignition engine, analyzing emissions of CO, hydrocarbons, NOx, O2, and CO2. The results revealed that B20 led to a notable decrease in CO, hydrocarbons, and NOx emissions compared to pure diesel, showcasing its potential as a cleaner fuel. Slight increases in CO2 emissions were observed at lower engine speeds (440 rpm), while notable reductions were achieved at higher speeds (730 rpm). Additionally, the hybrid energy system proved to be an effective, low-cost solution for biodiesel production, aligning with sustainability goals. This study highlights the promise of Dunaliella tertiolecta biodiesel in mitigating cold-start emission challenges and advancing renewable energy solutions, contributing to the development of sustainable cities and communities.
Published Version
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