Sustainable power generation in Kuwait: Reducing pollutants and costs through innovative additive technology

Sustainable power generation with large gas engines

Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is an attractive and sustainable option for the conversion of effluent organics into bioelectricity. In the present study, vertically configured MFC reactors have been designed to simulate a real wastewater treatment plant so that enhanced degradation of effluent organics and sustained electrical power generation could be achieved. Anaerobic biomass and tannery effluent was used as anolyte, KMnO4 (39 mM) in phosphate buffer (700 mM) was used as catholyte. The concept of diligent mechanical disintegration has been introduced to increase the microbial activity, intended to enhance both degradation of effluent organics and generation of electricity. The operating parameters of MFC were optimized by RSM, implemented in batch studies and further extended for continuous operation. In batch studies the COD removal of 72% and 85%, with a power generation of 0.21 and 0.32 mW was achieved in 20 days HRT, whereas in continuous studies the COD removal was 57% and 72.5% in HRT of 1 day, and the power generation was 0.34 and 0.57 mW for control and experimental runs, respectively. Thus, the continuous mode of operation was beneficial than batch mode. Further, the generated power, illumination of LEDs could be demonstrated.

Energy conversion from the environment into electricity is the most direct and effective electricity source to sustainably power off-grid electronics, once the electricity requirement exceeds the capability of traditional centralized power supply systems. Normally photovoltaic cells have enabled distributed power generation during the day, but do not work at night. Thus, efficient electricity generation technologies for a sustainable all-day power supply with no necessity for energy storage remain a challenge. Herein, an innovative all-day power generation strategy is reported, which self-adaptively integrates the diurnal photothermal and nocturnal radiative cooling processes into the thermoelectric generator (TEG) via the spectrally dynamic modulated coating, to continuously harvest the energy from the hot sun and the cold universe for power generation. Synergistic with the optimized latent heat phase change material, the electricity generation performance of the TEG is dramatically enhanced, with a maximum power density exceeding 1000mWm-2 during the daytime and up to 25mWm-2 during the nighttime, corresponding to an improvement of 123.1% and 249.1%, compared with the conventional strategy. This work maximizes the utilization of ambient energy resources to provide an environmentally friendly and uninterrupted power generation strategy. This opens up new possibilities for sustained power generation both daytime and nighttime.

Affordable access to energy and power is vital for economic and human development, industrialization, and poverty alleviation. Over 20% of South Asia's population does not have access to power, resulting in immense economic growth and prosperity deprivation. The limited endowment of locally available energy resources; varied financial and technological capabilities among South Asian nations greatly restrict their efficient and sustainable power generation and utilization capacity. Containment of energy resources, mismatch of power generation, and user locations due to cross-border non-collaboration have created inefficient uses of limited locally available energy and power. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to review current power generation capacities, available energy resources (conventional and renewable), potential cross-border collaboration in power trade and exchange, and collective investment in sustainable power generation in South Asian nations.

Advancing sustainable thermal power generation: insights from recent energy and exergy studies

Forecasting sustainable power generation profiles to achieve net zero emissions using multi-objective techno-ecological framework: A study in the context of India

Flowing water-based tubular triboelectric nanogenerators for sustainable green energy harvesting

The world is at a critical juncture in its energy evolution, facing the pressing need to transition from fossil fuels to sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives. Renewable energy sources, particularly wind energy, have emerged as a promising solution for electricity generation. Renewable energy sources: wind, solar, hydro, geothermal, and biomass are resources that can be naturally replenished and harnessed without depleting finite reserves. Differently from fossil fuels, renewable energy offers a clean and sustainable pathway for meeting the world’s increasing energy demands without emitting harmful greenhouse gases and contributing to climate change. Among various renewable energy sources, wind energy stands out for its remarkable potential and rapid growth. Wind energy is generated through the kinetic energy of wind, which is converted into electricity by modern wind turbines. These turbines consist of large blades that rotate when exposed to wind, activating a generator to produce electrical power. The wind energy sector has witnessed remarkable advancements in turbine technology and operational efficiency. While wind energy is environmentally friendly during operation, its manufacturing and installation processes do have some environmental impacts. These include raw material extraction and land use changes. However, these impacts are relatively minor compared to the long-term benefits of clean energy production.

Developing methodologies for large scale wave and tidal stream marine renewable energy extraction and its environmental impact: An overview of the TeraWatt project

Dependency on energy is much higher than the past and it is clear that energy is vital for a sustainable and safer future. Therefore, urgent solutions are required not only to increase share of renewable resources but also more efficient usage of fossil fuels. This could be achieved with innovative power, air conditioning and refrigeration cycles utilising ‘long-term sustainable’ (LTS) fluids, especially air, water and CO2. In the article we provide a rational approach to the future use of working fluids based on our interpretation of the available technical evidence. We consider it self-evident that volatile fluids will continue to play major roles in cooling and power generation, however, new technologies will be needed that optimise energy efficiency and safety with minimum environmental impact. Concordantly we discuss the past and current situation of volatile fluids and present four innovative technologies using air/water cycles. Study results showed that there is a rapid development in heating, cooling and power generation technologies those use water/air as working fluid. These technologies demonstrate a potential to replace conventional systems, thereby to contribute to global sustainability in near future. However, further development on LTS fluids and materials also process intensification and cost reduction are vital parameters for future advancement of these technologies.

Pursuing carbon neutrality has invigorated extensive investigations into sustainable and cost‐effective power sources. Iron‐air batteries (IAB) have emerged as a promising option due to their high energy density, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, conventional IABs grapple with issues such as electrode passivation, low round‐trip energy efficiency, and parasitic hydrogen evolution. This study introduces a redox‐mediated iron‐air fuel cell (RM‐IAFC) to surmount these limitations. The RM‐IAFC employs a pair of redox mediators, respectively, in anolyte and catholyte tanks, enabling the iron oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction processes to be liberated from the electrodes. This configuration decouples energy storage and power generation, allowing fast refueling and offering operation flexibility and scalability while eliminating the need for expensive catalysts. With these salient features, the RM‐IAFC paves the way for sustainable and scalable power generation, particularly for stationary applications.

Sustained energy generation is very important for any region's economic growth either developed or developing. As the growth of the country depends on sustainable and efficient power generation management, in order to attain the sustainable energy generation, experimentation, and explorations in the latest avenues for these generations have to be carried out. In this paper an attempt is made to report the experimentation carried out at Salalah College of Technology (SCT) in terms of sustainable energy generation using alternate energy resources. Experimentation carried out at SCT for solar harnessing in sustainable transportation and wind energy alternatives for hybrid power generation at decentralized levels is tested. Experimentation results for individual experiments are not disclosed. Whereas the overall efficiency in using such alternate technologies for sustained power generation and comparisons with other likewise locations are reported in this paper.

The development of excellently stretchable, highly mobile, and sustainable power supplies is of great importance for self-power wearable electronics. Transpiration-driven hydrovoltaic power generator (HPG) has been demonstrated to be a promising energy harvesting strategy with the advantages of negative heat and zero-carbon emissions. Herein, this work demonstrates a fiber-based stretchable HPG with the advantages of high output, portability, knittability, and sustainable power generation. Based on the functionalized micro-nano water diffusion channels constructed by the discarded mask straps (MSs) and oxidation-treated carbon nanomaterials, the applied water can continuously produce electricity during the spontaneous flow and diffusion. Experimentally, when a tiny 0.1mL of water encounters one end of the proposed HPG, the centimeter-length device can yield a peak voltage of 0.43V, peak current of 29.5µA, and energy density of 5.833mWhcm-3. By efficiently integrating multiple power generation units, sufficient output power can be provided to drive commercial electronic devices even in the stretched state. Furthermore, due to the reversibility of the electrical output during dynamic stretching-releasing, it can passively convert physiological activities and motion behaviors into quantifiable and processable current signals, opening up HPG's application in the field of self-powered wearable sensing.

Humidity-thermoelectric bimodal energy harvester for sustainable power generation

Currently, power generation is being the major issue of concern due to depleting fuel sources but the matter has become more of optimal and sustainable power generation in the present time. Renewable sources of energy being the most suitable method to achieve the same, have taken the consideration to architect a house with the implementation of latest and current inventions. In this paper, the house is embedded with suitable sensors along with the equipments for the generation of power from solar and hydro modules that have been proposed to be used with maximum efficiency. Solar energy has been devised from the very latest form of solar panels that is solar paint. The architect has been so designed to achieve the maximum solar energy on painting the steel sheets on the two walls of the house which can align them according to the angle of maximum solar intensity. Hydro energy has been taken as the back-up plan for the adverse climatic conditions in which the roof is clad with micro channels which are in a glass disc. The principle of generation of electricity through these channels is charge induction by polar water molecules. The house is so programmed that it can switch between various energy alternatives available according to the present climatic conditions by the use of a decision making device. Along with this, spare power is saved and then used during unavailability of power from conventional sources.