Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) networks are mostly comprised of power-constrained devices, therefore the most important consideration in designing IoT applications, based on sensor networks is energy efficiency. Minor improvement in energy conservation methods can lead to a significant increase in the lifetime of IoT devices and overall network. To achieve efficient utilisation of energy, different solutions are proposed such as duty cycling optimization, design changes at the MAC layer, etc. In this paper, we propose a new approach to overcome this challenge in cloud-based IoT sensing applications, based on integration of an abstraction layer with constrained application mechanism. To achieve energy conservation and efficient data management in IoT sensing applications, we incorporate modules of efficient web framework with cloud services, in order to minimize the number of round trips for data delivery and graph-based data representation. Our study is the first attempt in the literature, to the best of our knowledge, which introduces the potential of this integration for achieving the aforementioned objectives in the target applications. We implemented the proposed interfacing of abstraction layer in constrained applications, to develop a testbed using Z1 IoT motes, Contiki OS and GraphQL web framework with Google cloud services. Experimental comparisons against baseline REST architecture approach show that our proposed approach achieved significant reductions in data delivery delay and energy consumption (minimum 51.53% and 52.88%, respectively) in IoT applications involving sensor network.
Highlights
Innovative sensor modules, next-generation wireless networks and modern cloud services are the enabling tools, headed for the realisation of the large scale Internet of Things (IoT) applications [1].IoT devices having sensing abilities, enable us to interact with the environment to collect data and send them to the cloud through communication networks
We evaluated our GraphQL-based approach in IoT applications through experiments using real IoT devices (Z1) and Firebase appears to be an effective cloud service storage for our designed testbed for experiments
Comparisons include three approaches: (i) rest-2R needing two round trip (REST-based approach subscribed to two data resources); (ii) REST-based sending to three resources; and (iii) our proposed approach based on abstraction layer to send data to three cloud-based data resources
Summary
Innovative sensor modules, next-generation wireless networks and modern cloud services are the enabling tools, headed for the realisation of the large scale Internet of Things (IoT) applications [1]. IoT devices having sensing abilities, enable us to interact with the environment to collect data and send them to the cloud through communication networks. The number of such sensing modules that have to be connected to the Internet is increasing at rapid speed and is expected to be 500 billion by 2030 [2]. Traditional sensor network standards and technologies are not expected to sufficiently furnish the connectivity for abundant sensing and interaction with the physical world, undermining the development of innovative IoT applications on large scale. 12.3 billion mobile devices are expected to be connected
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