Sustainable Ecotourism Communication Framework Based on Social and Cultural Capital to Build Community Engagement in Ecotourism Practices Rutong Tourism Village, Indonesia

Sustainable tourism development has emerged as a primary emphasis in numerous development programs in Indonesia. Sustainable tourism encompasses three primary dimensions: economic, social, and environmental, engaging multiple stakeholders in the process. This study aimed to assess the impact of government policies, empowerment, and community participation on the advancement of sustainable tourism in the Lembung Pamekasan mangrove ecotourism sector. This research is a quantitative analysis. The study population comprised the community of Lembung Village, Galis, with a sample of 94 respondents obtained by purposive sampling techniques. Data analysis employed multiple linear regression utilising SPSS software. The study indicated that government policies positively and significantly influence the growth of sustainable tourism. Community empowerment exerted a good and important influence on the advancement of sustainable tourism. Community participation exerted a good and important influence on the advancement of sustainable tourism. Government policies, empowerment, and community participation concurrently exerted a favourable and significant influence on the advancement of sustainable tourism in the Lembung Pamekasan mangrove ecotourism.

Bali is a world tourist destination that is famous for having various types of interesting maritime tourism, including mangrove areas which are typical of equatorial regions. The purpose of this study is to develop a model that can predict the sustainability of ecotourism in the mangrove area in Bali based on the approach of empowering local potential and empowering the community. Data analysis was carried out using Bayesian Network analysis, where input was based on the results of the FGD. The results show high probability of realizing the sustainability of ecotourism, where the most influential variables are community participation and local product developers or mangrove-based products. In addition, the condition of the mangrove forest also needs attention, considering that the sustainability of mangrove ecotourism is very sensitive to changes in the condition of the mangrove forest. The three main variables have reflected the combination of the three elements of sustainability, namely people-social (community participation), planet-environment (mangrove forest condition), and profit-economic (developing of mangrove-based products). Mangrove ecotourism development in Bali should be focused on increasing community participation and the development of mangrove-based products.

This pioneering study explores the powerful mediating effect of community participation on both residents’ attitudes toward sustainable tourism development and their personal environmentally responsible behaviour. It establishes residents’ attitudes when the concept of sustainable tourism development is introduced, measures its influence on their participation in public affairs, and the importance of their own environmentally responsible behaviour. It explores the complex relationships between attitude, community participation, and environmentally responsible behaviour involved, using a survey of 362 residents from 5 eco-tourism communities in Taiwan. Results show that residents’ attitudes towards sustainable tourism development positively and significantly affect both community participation and environmentally responsible behaviour. The degree of residents’ community participation also positively affects environmentally responsible behaviour. Residents’ attitudes toward sustainable tourism development also directly affected environmentally responsible behaviour as well as indirectly affect behaviour via the mediator, “community participation”.Five mechanisms are suggested to encourage these changes: (1) Institutions develop community sustainable tourism civic education, (2) cohesion and insight for consciousness events to promote sustainable tourism development attitudes, (3) lively public hearings should be encouraged to turn passive into active participation, (4) mechanisms for reporting environmental damage should be created, and (5) community environmental clean-up days should be held.

Emphasis has been placed on the swift implementation of sustainable tourism development, particularly in rural areas. This is because of the government’s and local communities’ suboptimal involvement in sustainable tourism development. This study aimed to examine the role played by government and community participation in the development of sustainable tourism in Tihingan village, Bali. The quantitative research was designed by conducting observations, in-depth and structured interviews, and distributing questionnaires to people directly involved in tourism activities and with economic links in Tihingan Village, such as tourism village managers, homestays, restaurants, traders, and other tourism organizations. A total of 57 participants were included, and the sample was analyzed using purposive sampling. All the data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with a probability of p < 0.05. The results indicate that government involvement (p = 0.007) and community participation (p ≤ 0.001) play significant roles in shaping sustainable tourism development (R2 = 0.525). This finding implies that 52.5% of the variation in sustainable tourism can be attributed to these factors, while the other variables account for the remaining influence. Strategic policies related to natural resource development, environmental protection, and local community empowerment can create conditions that support the growth of environmentally friendly tourism and provide continued economic and social benefits in villages. Community participation is realized by supporting policies launched by local governments to accelerate sustainable tourism development. The outcomes of this research will aid the government in devising policies concerning sustainable tourism development through the active participation of the local community.

This research aims to; (1) knowing and analyzing the influence of individual characteristics, culture, and communication simultaneously on community participation in village development in Batulicin Subdistrict, Tanah Bumbu District, (2) knowing and analyzing the influence of individual characteristics, culture, and communication partially on community participation in development Villages in Batulicin Subdistrict, Tanah Bumbu Regency, and (3) find out and analyze the dominant influence of individual, cultural, and communication characteristics variables on community participation in village development in Batulicin Subdistrict, Tanah Bumbu District.
 This research is an explanatory research with this type of research is causal associative. The population in this study is the Village apparatus in Batulicin District, Tanah Bumbu Regency. The number of samples in this study were 100 respondents. The technique of determining the sample using proportional random sampling. The type of research data used is quantitative and qualitative, while the data sources used are primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques through interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression models.
 Based on the results of the analysis show that individual characteristics, culture and communication simultaneously affect community participation in the development of the Village in Batulicin District, Tanah Bumbu Regency. Partially, individual characteristics, culture and communication influence community participation in village development in Batulicin District, Tanah Bumbu Regency. Individual characteristics are the dominant variables that affect individual characteristics, culture and communication affect community participation in village development in Batulicin District, Tanah Bumbu Regency.
 Keywords: Individual Characteristics, Culture, Communication, community Participation in Village Development

Local business actors play an important role in realizing sustainable ecotourism through good business governance. Various strengthening actions are needed, one of which is in terms of environmental costs in business development. This research aims to analyze how business behavior can influence community participation, social capital, economic costs and environmental costs in sustainable ecotourism management efforts in Padusan Village, Pacet District, Mojokerto Regency. Local business behavior through community participation can shape the social capital that occurs in Padusan Village. This research on business behavior uses quantitative descriptive methods with SEM-PLS analysis. A total of 178 questionnaires were distributed to the community and ecotourism business owners in Padusan Village. The research results show that business behavior has a significant effect on community participation, social capital, environmental costs, and economic costs both directly and indirectly. Ecotourism business behavior has an indirect negative influence on environmental costs through the mediating variable of economic costs. Apart from that, business behavior also has a significant influence on social capital, both directly and indirectly. The indirect positive influence of ecotourism business behavior on social capital occurs through the participation and involvement of local communities in business activities. Based on the research results, it shows that ecotourism business behavior has an impact on the environmental costs that must be incurred as well as social capital in local community participation. So business people need to implement good environmental control strategies by adopting Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) measures to achieve sustainable ecotourism goals.

Community-led sustainable tourism represents a paradigm shift that emphasizes the role of local residents in shaping tourism initiatives that not only promote environmental stewardship but also enhance local economies and preserve cultural heritage. The research focused on two rural wine destinations, Banoštor in Serbia and Radda in Chianti, Italy, utilizing a constructivist epistemological approach to understand community-led tourism. The study aimed to assess how community involvement enhances the competitiveness of rural destinations, evaluates the social, cultural, and economic empowerment of local communities, and examines the role of community participation in sustainable tourism development. The factor analysis identified three key factors—destination competitiveness, local empowerment, and community participation—that collectively account for 86.25% of the variance in sustainable community-led tourism. This model highlights how community-led initiatives can enhance the competitiveness of rural destinations by attracting eco-conscious travelers and ensuring that economic benefits remain within the community, thus preserving local culture and traditions. Furthermore, active community participation in tourism planning is crucial for sustainability, as it fosters a sense of ownership and aligns tourism development with local values, ultimately leading to long-term benefits for both the community and the destination. To enhance competitiveness, Banoštor must improve wine offerings, invest in marketing, and develop infrastructure while empowering local communities through tourism initiatives, ensuring that local voices are heard and tourism revenues benefit residents.

This article examines local communities’ participation in sustainable tourism development in Sleman Regency with a Human Rights (HAM) approach. In the context of the problem, fast-growing tourism often ignores the rights and participation of local communities, so a more inclusive and sustainable approach is needed. This study aims to evaluate the level of community participation and identify factors that support or hinder their involvement.The method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document analysis. Participation theory and human rights are used as the framework of analysis.The study results show that local community participation still needs to improve and is influenced by factors such as lack of information, low education, and the dominance of external parties. However, local initiatives show great potential for sustainable tourism development if supported by the right policies.In conclusion, a human rights approach can increase community participation in sustainable tourism. This research’s novelty lies in integrating human rights perspectives into the analysis of community participation in tourism, which provides new insights for more inclusive and equitable tourism policies.

Community participation in tourism development has gained significant attention in recent years. While ample research has investigated how the community participated in developing tourism destinations and their industries, little is known about what factors, motivations and contributions of the community participating in the development of marine ecotourism. To fill the void, the present study conducts a qualitative systematic review of how community participation contributes to the development of marine ecotourism. The papers were included in the SCOPUS and WOS databases published between 2011 and 2021. In this study, the papers were selected using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. The keywords include “community participation”, “marine ecotourism” and “qualitative”. From 244, 12 articles matched the objective of the study and the keywords. Using thematic analysis, this systematic review discovers the factors, types, and outcomes of community participation in developing marine ecotourism. Additionally, the synthesis has revealed three challenges of community participation in marine ecotourism such as lack of training, local government support, and sociocultural awareness. This study significantly contributes to empirical considerations when involving the coastal community in planning and developing sustainable marine ecotourism.

Community participation in the development process has become a crucial key to achieving sustainable and inclusive development efforts. This study aims to analyze the efforts made by the Garessi Village government, Tanete Rilau District, Barru Regency, in enhancing community participation in local development. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and direct field observations.The results of the study show that the village government has implemented various strategies and programs to enhance community participation, including education, training, and the formation of working groups. Furthermore, cooperation between the village government, non-governmental organizations, and the private sector also supports these efforts. However, there are still some challenges such as the high school dropout rate affecting the involvement of young people in development and the limited infrastructure access in some areas.This research contributes significantly to understanding the dynamics of community participation in the context of rural development. The implications of this study are expected to provide insights for village governments in designing more effective policies and programs to enhance community participation in local development.

Mega-events as drivers of community participation in developing countries: The case of Shanghai World Expo

Sustainable tourism development is the main focus of tourism development right now. The idea of sustainability in tourism is a way to deal with the bad things that will happen as tourism grows. This article talks about how local communities can be involved in making tourism more sustainable. The method is a review of the literature, which is based on research results that have already been published on relevant topics. Based on the results of the literature review, community participation in sustainable tourism development can take the form of brainstorming participation, physical energy participation, participation skills and proficiency, and property participation. In order to make sure that local community participation works, sustainable tourism development can involve the community from the planning, overseeing, and putting plans into action stages on.

Indonesia possesses abundant natural and cultural resources supporting sustainable tourism development, including Tangkahan ecotourism and Halal tourism, which require an integrated communication strategy and community participation. This study examines the implementation of the communication strategy by the Langkat Tourism Office through the theories of Communication Strategy and Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) to enhance the attractiveness of Tangkahan and raise public awareness of sustainable tourism. This research employs a qualitative case study method with data collection techniques including interviews, observations, and documentation, analyzed through data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The data validity is tested using source and technique triangulation. The results indicate that the communication strategy in developing Tangkahan tourism applies the 4A 1P approach, digital promotion, service improvement, and environmental education to strengthen the destination’s competitiveness and support sustainable tourism. The natural beauty, interaction with elephants, and the use of social media are major strengths. However, challenges such as difficult access, geographical conditions, and weather present obstacles, necessitating adaptive, community-based strategies. Positive impacts of this ecotourism include increased community income, job creation, and growing awareness of cultural and environmental preservation. Community involvement in interactions with tourists also reinforces local identity and fosters inclusive and sustainable tourism development. In conclusion, the integrated Islamic communication strategy has successfully developed ecotourism, enhanced the economy, preserved culture, and encouraged community participation in sustainable tourism development.

In the past few decades, tourism has significantly impacted the ecological, social, and environmental dimensions, making sustainability facilitation more vital. These aspects are also regarded as the primary pillars of sustainable tourism development. Culture is the cornerstone for accomplishing sustainable tourism research and practice goals in many domains. Culture has received very little attention despite being the deeply rooted and reliable framework for human existence. As a part of cultural tourism, even Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) has been largely ignored in sustainable tourism development. Moreover, the varied sustainability dimensions do not explain cultural sustainability indicators and how these indicators influence sustainable cultural tourism development. Therefore, firstly, this research aims to develop and measure a new scale for Cultural Sustainability Indicators and Sustainable Cultural Tourism Development (SCTD) and, secondly, to examine the influence of Cultural Sustainability Indicators on SCTD growth. In this sense, data was gathered from tourism stakeholders using self-administered questionnaires. A total of 1000 respondents completed the questionnaire; 949 of those responses were deemed legitimate. The new scale development identified the seven most important cultural sustainability indicators- Authenticity, Awareness, Commodification and Transformation, Empowerment, Parallel Development, Promotion, and Sustainability Practices, and one indicator of SCTD growth-SCTD, through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) in SPSS 20. Further, to investigate the influence of cultural sustainability indicators on the growth of SCTD, additional analysis is conducted using PLS-SEM in Smart PLS 4. The study results showed that, except for parallel development and promotion, the five cultural sustainability indicators significantly and positively influence SCTD. Thus, the study concludes that culture is one of the most important aspects of developing a sustainable tourism industry and may be used to assess the sustainability of tourist destinations. The primary contribution of this work is a scale that depicts current perspectives and solutions for the cultural tourism sector as perceived by different stakeholders.

The developmental strategies of the world may fall into following categories: Physical strategies; Economic strategies; Socio-Cultural strategies; Regionalspatial strategies. Based on these strategies, various approaches have been followed in different countries. Considering the globalization development process throughout the world, and the urgent need for attention to worldwide development it can be assumed that the universally accepted approach is “Life territory sustainable development”. Planning for sustainable ecotourism and tourism is accordingly assumed to serve as a very important factor for realising this objective. The number of world tourists today has risen from 626,000 annually to 1.6 billion. The total income from tourism will reach $445 billion by the year 2020. In planning for global sustainable development many other factors, including a close organic relationship between tourism and socio economic, cultural and ecological with aspects, survival and biological cooperation, as well as basic well-thought relations of human societies with ecological surroundings need to be taken into consideration. Accordingly, sustainability should be a target for development plans at global, regional, urban and rural levels. Also, applied guidelines and approaches need to be developed in this regard. This article, as a result of the authors' research efforts, is thus an attempt to provide, through following procedures, an approach to global sustainable development with emphasis on “sustainable ecotourism and tourism”: analysis and explanation of developmental strategies with emphasis on ecotourism and tourism; identification of needs and deficiencies of the world’s human society in the process of the world’s development; presentation of guidelines, and principles needed to design and develop urban perspective with emphasis on ecotourism and tourism; determination of appropriate policies for a better management of the tourism industry with emphasis on sustainable tourism and ecotourism.