Abstract
ObjectivesTo evaluate the survival rate, success rate, and peri-implant biological changes of immediately loaded dental implants (ILs) placed in type 2 diabetic patients (DM2).Materials and methodsThe present study was registered on PROSPERO and followed the PRISMA checklist. The search was performed by the first reviewer in January 2021. The electronic databases used were MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane, BVS, Web of Science, Scopus, LIVIVO, and gray literature. The risk of bias analysis was performed using an instrument from the Joanna Briggs Institute.ResultsA total of 3566 titles and abstracts were obtained. The qualitative synthesis included 7 studies, while the quantitative synthesis included 5 studies. The meta-analysis of IL in individuals with DM2 compared to nondiabetic individuals showed no significant difference among the groups regarding the survival rate of dental implants (RR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.96–1.04; p = 0.91; I2 = 0%), even if the patient had poor glycemic control (RR = 1.08, 95% CI 0.87–1.33; p = 0.48; I2 = 70%). Meta-analysis of marginal bone loss in IL compared to conventional loading in DM2 patients also showed no significant difference (mean difference = − 0.08, 95% CI − 0.25–0.08; p = 0.33; I2 = 83%).ConclusionsType 2 diabetes mellitus does not seem to be a risk factor for immediately loaded implants if the glycemic level is controlled, the oral hygiene is satisfactory, and the technical steps are strictly followed.Clinical relevanceRehabilitation in diabetic individuals is more common due to the highest prevalence of edentulism in this population. It is essential to establish appropriate protocols for loading dental implants.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent metabolic syndrome and is classified by World Health Organization (WHO) as the 6th leading cause of death in the world [1, 2]
Participants/population: The population in the present study included individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) who were treated with dental implant placement, and the restoration was immediately loaded (IL)
A total of 42 studies were excluded from the full-text analysis, and the reasons were mostly due to the absence of results regarding IL in DM2
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent metabolic syndrome and is classified by World Health Organization (WHO) as the 6th leading cause of death in the world [1, 2]. The prevalence of edentulism in DM2 patients is extremely high due to various oral manifestations, such as periodontitis, root caries, and endodontic disease [6,7,8]. Recent systematic reviews regarding dental implants in diabetic patients have shown that DM2 is associated with a higher risk of developing peri-implant diseases or complications [10,11,12,13]. Peri-implant parameters such as bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket depth (PD), and marginal bone loss (MBL) have been used to measure the success rate of dental implants. The survival rate is usually assessed by osseointegration—if the dental implant is still in the mouth cavity or if it was removed [14]
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