Abstract

Introduction: Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM) is characterized by non-progressive ophthalmoplegia affecting the extraocular muscles innervated by the oculomotor and trochlear nerves. There are three clinical forms of CFEOM (CFEOM 1-3). Four loci (FEOM1-4) have been mapped with KIF21A and PHOX2A identified as the FEOM1 and FEOM2 genes, respectively. Surgical management of strabismus in these patients is difficult given the complexity of the disease process. Few detailed reports exist regarding surgical approach and outcomes.

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