Abstract
The thoraco-cervico-axillary region is a complex structure consisting of three narrow passages. This region contains three important structures: the subclavian artery and vein and brachial plexus. By definition, Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is hand and arm symptoms of pain, parasthesia and weakness due to compression of the neurovascular bundle in the thoracic outlet area. Three spaces that could be responsible for upper extremity neurovascular compression symptoms are; inter-scalene triangle, costo-clavicular space, retro-pectoralis minor space. Congenital variations in bony and fibro-muscular structures in these areas compounded with trauma, inflammation, wrong posture or dynamic demands of upper extremity predispose to the onset of TOS. Knowledge of anatomy is the key to understanding the pathophysiology of TOS.
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