Surgery Techniques for Urgent Intestinal Neostomy and Bypass

Abstract

Introduction. Modern standards for the treatment of acute abdominal surgical diseases suggest a temporary exclusion of the impaired intestinal part from the digestion. This reduces the morbidity of the primary operation, but also results in specific postoperative complications.The aim of the study was to analyze current data on the technique and effectiveness of urgent intestinal neostomy and bypass surgery.Results. The authors analyzed 39 modern literature sources that deal with the problem of urgent intestinal neostomy and bypass surgery. Currently, there is a growing interest in developing techniques for early (before anastomosis) restoration of the chyme passage across the intestine bypassing the impaired intestinal area. It has been reported that a number of unresolved issues do not yet allow full implementation of the concept of intestinal bypass (shunt): a safe mechanism for performing an anastomosis between the small intestine and a synthetic prosthesis has not been developed, the problem of creating unidirectional pathway along a non-peristaltic intestinal prosthesis has not been solved.Conclusion. Solution of these problems can contribute to a significant improvement in the clinical outcomes of patients with acute ischemic or traumatic damage to the intestine.