Abstract
The efficiency of horizontal perforated and solid plates, installed on top of an intake for prevention of surface vortex formation, was experimentally investigated. The experiments were conducted on a horizontal intake of a reservoir. By changing the angle of the approach flow, submergence of the intake and the discharge, 36 air-core surface vortices with different strengths were generated. The strengths of these vortices were evaluated by measuring tangential velocities using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter. A relationship between the strength of the surface vortex and the necessary percentage of uniform opening of the perforated plate is presented. It was found that a perforated plate of width 1D and 1·5D length normal to the intake (D is the tunnel diameter) with 50% uniform opening and a solid plate of 1·5D width and 2D length eliminated all surface vortices at the intake. Pressure was also measured in a section immediately downstream of the intake by means of four transducers. By using the measured pressure values, the effect of anti-vortex plates on local loss at the intake was determined.
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