Abstract
Perovskite oxides have emerged as catalysts for electrochemical water splitting, and surface reconstruction is crucial for their electrocatalytic performance. In this study, we report the surface reconstruction of Ruddlesden–Popper-based oxides under nonreactive and electrochemical conditions. The rapid migration of Sr ions from the bulk to the surface results in a porous structure, increase the number of oxygen vacancies, and produces an A-site cation deficiency. Collectively, these modifications significantly enhance the electrocatalytic activity and stability for water oxidation. In addition, the engineered electrocatalysts have a low overpotential of 350 mV at 10 mA cm−2, alone with a Tafel slope of 77 mV dec−1. They also exhibit outstanding durability, maintaining a current density of 5 mA cm−2 over 6 h.
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