Abstract
We report both an experiment and numerical simulations on superficial fluctuations of a slowly driven granular system: a box filled with a certain number of layers of glass beads is tilted very slowly up to the maximum angle of stability where an avalanche is produced. The avalanche decreases the slope of the free surface of the packing until a second critical angle is reached: the angle of repose. During the build up period many rearrangements occur on the free surface. The distribution function for the observed mass fluctuations follows a power-law behavior. We reproduce this results (rearrangements and avalanche) with a cellular automata model which takes into account the transfer of momentum to layers below. It is the purpose of this work to study the transition between static and flowing states in a very slowly driven granular system. We will focus on the very reach behavior of the surface rearrangements leading up to a large slide.
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