Abstract
In the present work, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is proposed for the identification of dyes in chromogenic films. These substances, which are generated within the film itself during the colour development process, are first studied on reference molecules synthesised for the purpose and, subsequently, on dyes extracted from a chromogenic film. SERS spectroscopy proved to be an efficient technique for their investigation, providing a proof of concept for its applicability for further studies on this complex topic. SERS spectra of the reference molecules were also compared with normal Raman spectra, acquired with a spectrometer based on SSE™ technology. Furthermore, the excellent SERS properties of anisotropic nanomaterials, such as silver nanostars, have been confirmed.
Highlights
IntroductionPhotographic and motion picture film materials have enriched our cultural heritage
In the last century, photographic and motion picture film materials have enriched our cultural heritage
Satisfying results were obtained by SERS spectroscopy upon visible excitation at 532 nm (Figure 3)
Summary
Photographic and motion picture film materials have enriched our cultural heritage. Chromogenic Monopacks were introduced, where the colourforming substances are divided into several layers of the emulsion, and are still in use nowadays [1] These motion picture films, despite being quite recent, tend to degrade due to environmental conditions (i.e., humidity, temperature, exposure to light) and the main problem concerns the loss of colour due to the degradation of the dye. Digital restoration is the only means to restore the original appearance of films, but it requires the formulation of hypotheses on the evolution of the degradation processes as a function of time, with the aim of obtaining information on the initial colorimetric coordinates In this scenario, a very limited number of studies have been reported on the identification of colouring substances in film materials [2,3].
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