Abstract
Abstract The colour resulting from the laundering of cotton fabric is influenced by the nature of the dye, the detergent formulation and the physical structure of the fibre surface. In this study the effect of ISO (International Organisation for Standardization) 105 CO6 and ISO 105 CO9 wash fastness testing, with and without oxidant, and with and without stainless steel abrasive balls, on the colour of C.I. Sulphur Black 1 dyed cotton fabric was evaluated. The surface sensitive X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was used to probe the nature of the outer 3–10 nm of the cotton surface, characterise the surface functionalities and elemental composition and establish the durability of the surface dye to different washing regimes. In addition the effect of laundering and modification to the surface sulphur dye was related to colour through K / S and L * analysis.
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