Abstract
Reinforcing effect of bolt system in cohesionless soils was studied. The laboratory model tests were carried out for the simple beam model, which was built by sand and reinforced by bolts with various lengths, distances, and types. Stiffness of the test beam was calculated from the measured deflection. Experiment results showed that bolt distance gaves more contribution to the reinforcing effect than the bolt length did. It also showed that the fully grouted bolts were more effective than the end bearing bolts. As conclusion, reinforcing effect of the bolt system could be estimated from the test beam stiffness, which increases the apparent Young's modulus. (A) This paper was presented at Safety in the underground space - Proceedings of the ITA-AITES 2006 World Tunnel Congress and the 32nd ITA General Assembly, Seoul, Korea, 22-27 April 2006. For the covering abstract see ITRD E129148. Reprinted with permission from Elsevier.
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