Abstract

Mesa Verse National Park, located in southwestern Colorado, honors the cultural significance of the fantastic cliff dwellings of the Ancestral Pueblo people, who lived in the area from AD 600 to 1300. Originally these native peoples lived on top of the mesa, but began building structures into the cliffside in the first half of the 12th century. This ancient development area includes single-room structures all the way up to larger villages with more than 150 rooms. Spruce Tree House is the third-largest and best-preserved cliff dwelling in the Park. It was constructed about 800 years ago in a naturally formed alcove, cut into the Cliff House Sandstone formation. The Spruce Tree House alcove measures about 216 ft wide by 89 ft deep. The alcove is located across a deep, narrow canyon from the Park museum and is a very popular tourist destination.

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