Supplementation with omega 3 fatty acids, vitamins and minerals may moderate disruptive behavior of typically developing adolescent schoolchildren in the UK: a double blind placebo controlled trial

Abstract

Omega 3 fatty acid deficiency is implicated in antisocial behavior; hence correcting deficiencies may improve behavior. The effect of nutrient supplementation was tested in typically developing school children. Pupils (n=196) consumed randomly assigned placebo or active supplements containing omega 3s, vitamins and minerals over 12 week terms. Behavior was measured using Conners teacher's scales and school disciplinary records. T‐tests with ANCOVA were used for Conners and erythrocyte PUFA analysis. Bayesian analysis was used for disciplinary data. All PUFA indices improved in the treated group (p=0.0005). A significant difference (F=5.56, p=0.02) between groups was seen in the disruptive behavior scale of the Conner's teacher assessment, as a result of a worsening behavior score in the placebo group. After Bonferroni correction and MANCOVA, this outcome was reduced to a trend (p=0.1 and p=0.23, respectively). There was an overall increase in school disciplinary infringements (25%; Bayes factor 115). Supplementation appeared to have little effect on the frequency of these; active treatment was associated with a further 8.5% increase in disciplinary events; with a 95% probability that the effect could be anywhere from a 23% decrease to a 43% increase. In conclusion, supplementary nutrition may protect against worsening behavior in adolescent schoolchildren. Supported by Esmée Fairbairn Foundation.