Supplemental Material for Queer Asian Americans’ Intracommunity Racism Distress and Mental Health: Effects of Social Resources Over Time

In a prospective design, the effects of social resources before widowhood on changes in subsequent hospitalizations were compared for 86 married elders who became widowed over a 2-year period and 86 matched elders who remained married. Subjects were from the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly (Duke). Hospitalizations were used as an indicator of a serious health outcome whose report was unlikely to be biased by a widowed person's emotional state. The hypothesis that perceptions of inadequate social support from persons other than the spouse would exacerbate the effects of bereavement on hospitalizations was supported for elders who lacked close friends with whom to talk about private matters while still married; believing that no relative would provide such support and dissatisfaction with support tended to have the same effect. Inadequacies in social embeddedness (few contacts with friends, relatives, or children and being childless) had no significant moderating or main effects on change in hospitalizations.

Effect of social resources on readmission prevention and the influence of informal coercion in acute schizophrenia: a retrospective quasi-experimental cohort study.

Against the backdrop of Japan’s fast-declining birth rate and growing-ageing population, support measures for people with dementia, estimated to be around 7 million in 2025, are drawing attention...

Policy Recommendations to Promote Integrated Mental Health Care for Children and Youth.

The spatial availability of social resources is speculated to structure animal movement decisions, but the effects of social resources on animal movements are difficult to identify because social resources are rarely measured. Here, we assessed whether varying availability of a key social resource-access to receptive mates-produces predictable changes in movement decisions among bighorn sheep in Nevada, the United States. We compared the probability that males made long-distance 'foray' movements, a critical driver of connectivity, across three ecoregions with varying temporal duration of a socially mediated factor, breeding season. We used a hidden Markov model to identify foray events and then quantified the effects of social covariates on the probability of foray using a discrete choice model. We found that males engaged in forays at higher rates when the breeding season was short, suggesting that males were most responsive to the social resource when its existence was short lived. During the breeding season, males altered their response to social covariates, relative to the non-breeding season, though patterns varied, and age was associated with increased foray probability. Our results suggest that animals respond to the temporal availability of social resources when making the long-distance movements that drive connectivity. This article is part of the theme issue 'The spatial-social interface: a theoretical and empirical integration'.

Recovery efforts after natural disasters typically focus on physical infrastructure. In general less attention is paid to the social infrastructure that might impact the capacity of the community to rebuild. We examine perceptions of preparedness and recovery (markers of resilience at the community level) in the wake of Superstorm Sandy with a novel data set that includes a multi-mode survey of twelve neighborhoods severely affected by the storm. With these data, we suggest that social resources are associated with beliefs about neighborhood resilience. People who live in communities with higher social cohesion (coefficient = .73, p <.001), informal social control (coefficient = .53, p <.001), and social exchange (coefficient = .69, p <.001) are more likely to believe their neighborhoods are well prepared for a disaster. Likewise, people living in communities with higher social cohesion (coefficient = .35, p <.01), informal social control (coefficient = .27, p <.05), and social exchange (coefficient = .42, p <.001) are more likely to be confident their neighborhoods will recover quickly from a disaster. However, the effects of social resources on beliefs about resilience vary based on neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and the impact of the storm. Informal social control and social exchange lead to a greater increase in confidence in recovery in low, as compared to high, SES neighborhoods. Social resources tend to have more impact on perceptions of recovery in communities less affected by the storm. In sum, these findings suggest the potential value of various forms of social intervention to better equip communities to respond when disaster strikes.

Mental health care among marginalized populations in the United States

A model integrating competing theories of social capital with research on career success was developed and tested in a sample of 448 employees with various occupations and organizations. Social capital was conceptualized in terms of network structure and social resources. Results of structural equation modeling showed that network structure was related to social resources and that the effects of social resources on career success were fully mediated by three network benefits: access to information, access to resources, and career sponsorship.

A model integrating competing theories of social capital with research on career success was developed and tested in a sample of 448 employees with various occupations and organizations. Social capital was conceptualized in terms of network structure and social resources. Results of structural equation modeling showed that network structure was related to social resources and that the effects of social resources on career success were fully mediated by three network benefits: access to information, access to resources, and career sponsorship.

This research aims to understand whether social resources (network size and network job prestige resources) determine the likelihood of civic engagement (Klofstad, 2011; Lin, 2001; Musick & Wilson, 2008) and whether the effects of social resources on civic engagement are moderated by media multiplexity (Wellman et al., 2003). Utilizing data from a nationally representative sample of 2,512 adults in the US (The Pew Internet & American Life Project, 2008), the findings indicate that network size has a positive effect on civic engagement, and the impact of network job prestige on civic engagement is moderated by media multiplexity. Namely, citizens using multiple types of online communications with valuable job prestige resources of network members will increase the likelihood of civic engagement. In comparison, citizens using multiple types of online communications with ineffective job prestige resources of network members will decrease the probability of civic engagement. The research contributes to our understanding of the roles of social resources theory and online communications in explaining civic engagement, as well as policy implications of digital divide.

Research has identified several factors that affect life satisfaction. The role of the state in this context, however, has been considered in only a few studies. Analyses of the relationships between national policies and life satisfaction have shown that the welfare state functions as a “resource giver” in creating inequalities in people’s quality of life. For this reason, we studied whether and how the effects of social resources on life satisfaction differ from country to country. Applying a multilevel analysis, we examined the resources embedded in networks and personal resources at one level as well as macro-information regarding the welfare state at another level. To this end, we used data from 27 countries drawn from the 2017 Social Networks Module of the International Social Survey Program and the United Nations Human Development Index. The results show that 7.4% of overall variance is at the country level. This can be partly explained by perceived inequality in a country, which we constructed for each country based on individual respondent data. Furthermore, in random-slopes analyses, we find evidence for country-specific effects of one of our central variables, goal attainment.

Research on the spatiotemporal characteristics of RECC in resource-based cities based on the EWM-CPM: A case study of Sichuan Province, China

This paper summarizes the history of the development of Chinese mental health system; the current situation in the mental health field that China has to face in its effort to reform the system, including mental health burden, workforce and resources, as well as structural issues; the process of national mental health service reform, including how it was included into the national public health program, how it began as a training program and then became a treatment and intervention program, its unique training and capacity building model, and its outcomes and impacts; the barriers and challenges of the reform process; future suggestions for policy; and Chinese experiences as response to the international advocacy for the development of mental health.

ABSTRACTThis study explores the effect of positive and negative social support, social reciprocity, and subjective social status on the retirement satisfaction and health of retirees and gender differences therein. Using cross-sectional data from the 2010 and 2012 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), we found that social support seems to matter more for the retirement satisfaction and health of women, while social reciprocity matters more for the health of men and subjective social status for the retirement satisfaction of men. Implications for the development of social programs and policies over the life course are discussed.

This study examined the unique effects of three forms of enacted (i.e., received) support (emotional, unpaid assistance, financial) on well-being and tested the potential mediating role of perceived control. The analysis was based on a national sample collected through the second wave of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) survey conducted in 2004–2006. Findings revealed emotional support exhibited a positive effect direction on well-being, while unpaid assistance and financial support both showed negative effect directions. Perceived control was found to fully mediate the relationships between all three forms of enacted support and well-being: Emotional support boosted well-being through higher perceived control, while unpaid assistance and financial support reduced well-being through lower perceived control. Findings provide evidence that effects of social resources on well-being are mediated through psychological resources.