Abstract
Mammal embryos can be impaired by mother’s excessive ethanol uptake, which induces a higher level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and interferes in one carbon unit metabolism. Here, our analysis by in vitro culture system reveals immediate effect of ethanol in medium on mouse embryo development presents concentration dependent. A preimplantation embryo culture using medium contained 1% ethanol could impact greatly early embryos development, and harmful effect of ethanol on preimplantation embryos would last during the whole development period including of reducing ratio of blastocyst formation and implantation, and deteriorating postimplantation development. Supplement of 50 μg/ml betaine into culture medium can effectively reduce the level of ROS caused by ethanol in embryo cells and rescue embryo development at each stage damaged by ethanol, but supplement of glycine can’t rescue embryo development as does betaine. Results of 5-methylcytosine immunodetection indicate that supplement of betaine into medium can reduce the rising global level of genome DNA methylation in blastocyst cells caused by 1% ethanol, but glycine can’t play the same impact. The current findings demonstrate that betaine can effectively rescue development of embryos harmed by ethanol, and possibly by restoring global level of genome DNA methylation in blastocysts.
Highlights
Ethanol induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) can destroy the structure and properties of protein, and make the change of enzyme activity[16]
These data appear to be some degree of similarity with previous finding[29], and this study indicates that inhibitory impact of ethanol on blastocyst formation takes on concentration depended, effect of 0.5% and 1% ethanol seems to promote development a little from 2-cell stage to morula stage ratio of their blastocyst formation obviously reduces
The present study focuses on the direct impact of ethanol on embryo development for ethanol or alcohol can influence embryos through diversity pathways
Summary
Ethanol induced ROS can destroy the structure and properties of protein, and make the change of enzyme activity[16]. Usage of folate in human body is restricted because the range of folate toxicity to cellular and human physiological functions remains unclear As being another methyl donor in the cycle of one carbon metabolism, betaine is widely distributed in animals, plants and microorganisms. Our results show that supplement of betaine into medium can effectively improve development of ethanol treated mouse embryos including blastocyst formation, implantation, and postimplantation development, and recover the level of global DNA methylation in ethanol treated blastocyst to normal status. All these suggest that further investigation is needed to reveal the possibility of betaine being an agent used in reproduction therapy
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