Abstract
This study elucidates the supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2) anti-solvent micronization of Brazilian propolis particulates that contain the bioactive compound, 3,5-diprenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (DHCA). The effects of the concentration of propolis solution and flow rate of CO 2 on purity, recovery and mean particle size of DHCA-rich particulates are studied using a two-factor central composite response surface methodology. Experimental results indicate that the purity of DHCA increases as the CO 2 flow rate decreases. The mean particle size increases as the feed concentration exceeds 27 mg/mL. The growth of human colon (Colo 205) and breast (MDA-MB-231) cancer cells that were treated with these SC-CO 2 precipitates was inhibited at concentrations from 25 to 250 μg/mL. This work demonstrates that the SC-CO 2 anti-solvent micronization of the propolis solution, activated by these DHCA-rich precipitates, is a feasible means of inhibiting the growth of human colon and breast cancer cells.
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