Abstract

The chapters in the preceding section are concerned with binding dioxygen reversibly and unactivated. In contrast the contributions in this section discuss the activation of dioxygen to become an active oxidant and oxygenase via transition-metal catalysts. The biological catalysts (oxidases, oxygenases, peroxidases, and cytochromes P-450) represent highly selective systems for the activation of oxygen for reaction with substrate molecules via a single pathway. Nature’s design is such that is made an effective oxidizing agent for specific substrates, but does not attack the host ligands. The chemical characteristics of biological oxygenactivation catalysts are discussed in the initial chapters, and are followed by descriptions of four industrial processes (based on homogeneous transition-metal complexes) that utilize oxygen to enhance the value of organic substrates and of hydrogen sulfide. The final chapters discuss the development of transition-metal heterogeneous catalysts for the selective incorporation of oxygen atoms from dioxygen into organic substrates.

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