Abstract
AbstractThere is considerable interest in identifying wild tropical strains of oyster mushroomsuseful for cultivation, strain improvement and systematic breeding programme. Duringroutine surveys to identify such strains from Goa’s western ghats, an interesting wild form of Pleurotus ostreatus was found growing on logs of wild Mangifera indica L a novel habitat for the species reported for the first time. After obtaining and screening several pure isolates, a fertile strain BA-50/GUOMS was selected for cultivation under natural outdoor conditions. Spawn prepared on wheat grains was produced within 11 days and was used to ramify sterilized paddy straw as substrate using standard polybag technique. Spawn run was initially slow and took 52 days. Mushroom fruitbodies identical to the original wild type were produced in eight flushes at intervals of 8 to 13 days for each flush over a period of four months. These had pleasant odour, better shelf life, tougher texture, resistance to insects, fungi and bacteria, exhibited photosensitivity by producing brownish pigment in direct sunlight and responded well to outdoor conditions for fruit body initiation with ambient temperature ranging from 23-35° C.
Highlights
Pleurotus spp., commonly known as oyster mushrooms, are well known primary decomposers of wood and other biodegradable vegetable residues (Zadrazil and Kurtzman, 1982)
Pleurotus ostreatus (Fr.) Kummel on wild local mango logs, Mangifera indica L. was reported for the first time in Goa and from the entire western ghats region
Chang and Miles had identified three strains of P. ostreatus- the high temperature strain fruiting at 25-30 oC, the medium temperature strains fruiting at 16-22 oC and the low temperature strain fruiting at 12-15 oC
Summary
Pleurotus spp., commonly known as oyster mushrooms , are well known primary decomposers of wood and other biodegradable vegetable residues (Zadrazil and Kurtzman, 1982). Various Pleurotus species have been intensively studied in many different parts of the world These have high gastronomic value, can efficiently colonize and decompose a wide variety of lignocellulosic residues, require shorter cultivation time when compared to other edible mushrooms and demand few environmental controls. The CABI mycological database (http://wwww.indexfungorum.org) lists 765 unrevised records for Genus Pleurotus Among these for the edible oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (Fr.) Kummel, one subspecies, seven forms, four subforms and 11 varieties have been reported (Table 1). In the natural environment these forms are well adapted to local environmental and ecophysiological conditions-such as weak or intense direct sunlight which may be responsible for variable pigmentation, wind conditions, low and high humidity, drying-wetting cycles, grazing by insects and other animals Such adaptation is useful when these strains are brought into pure culture and fruiting is induced under outdoor conditions. The present work was aimed at trial cultivation of a wild form of P. ostreatus under outdoor conditions and gather necessary data for further trials
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