Abstract
Spinel LiMn1.977(Ce, Cu)0.023O4 cathode materials were synthesized by sol-gel combustion method using citric acid as a chelating and fuel agents. The materials were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy inductance, capacitance & resistance (LCR) meter and charge-discharge test. The XRD results of both materials revealed the formation of pure spinel phases with Fd-3m space group without any secondary phases. The FT-IR spectroscopy study showed that Ce3+ and Cu2+ substituted spinels exhibited two strong absorbtion spectral bands. Similar results were also found from Raman spectroscopy study. The room temperature conductivity of both samples was found to be 3.0 × 10−5 S/cm for LiMn1.977Ce0.023O4 and 2.58 × 10−5 S/cm for LiMn1.977Cu0.023O4 electrodes. Both samples were also provided good specific capacity and capacity retention upon cycling. However, LiMn1.977Cu0.023O4 cathode material exhibited better capacity retention (98.6%) after 20 cycles.
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