Substance Abuse Behaviour Among Youths: The Predictive Effects of Social Media and Peer Pressure

This research is intended to see how the access to pharmacy and drug delineates the substance abuse and the delinquent behavior (DB) among consumers relating to middle age group in Thailand. There are mainly two objectives of this research. The first is tosee the inverse effect of access to drug and pharmacy on substance abuse and (DB), the other objective is to see the mediating role of life satisfaction (LS) relating to the previous relationships of variables. The data is collected through the people of Thailand through structured questionnaires and purposive sampling to select only middle age people. The data analysis is run through SPSS and AMOS. The results considered the descriptive of the analysis, path analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis CFA to test the effects of variables through responses.The results showed that there had been a significant negative effect of access to drugs &pharmacy on substance abuse and (DB), and there had been a significant mediating effect of LS through access to drugs on substance abuse and delinquent behavior (DB). This research gives the direction to people as how the access to their medication can help them be satisfied. This research also gives implications for pharmacists as their access to health sector can be protective for other people. How to Cite this Article Pubmed Style Jermsittiparsert K, Saengchai S, Pattanapongthorn J. of People Access to Public Drugs on Substance Abuse and Delinquency Behavior in Thailand: Mediating Role of Life Satisfaction. SRP. 2019; 10(2): 34-43. doi:10.5530/srp.2019.2.07 Web Style Jermsittiparsert K, Saengchai S, Pattanapongthorn J. of People Access to Public Drugs on Substance Abuse and Delinquency Behavior in Thailand: Mediating Role of Life Satisfaction. http://www.sysrevpharm.org/?mno=302644921 [Access: March 31, 2021]. doi:10.5530/srp.2019.2.07 AMA (American Medical Association) Style Jermsittiparsert K, Saengchai S, Pattanapongthorn J. of People Access to Public Drugs on Substance Abuse and Delinquency Behavior in Thailand: Mediating Role of Life Satisfaction. SRP. 2019; 10(2): 34-43. doi:10.5530/srp.2019.2.07 Vancouver/ICMJE Style Jermsittiparsert K, Saengchai S, Pattanapongthorn J. of People Access to Public Drugs on Substance Abuse and Delinquency Behavior in Thailand: Mediating Role of Life Satisfaction. SRP. (2019), [cited March 31, 2021]; 10(2): 34-43. doi:10.5530/srp.2019.2.07 Harvard Style Jermsittiparsert, K., Saengchai, . S. & Pattanapongthorn, . J. (2019) of People Access to Public Drugs on Substance Abuse and Delinquency Behavior in Thailand: Mediating Role of Life Satisfaction. SRP, 10 (2), 34-43. doi:10.5530/srp.2019.2.07 Turabian Style Jermsittiparsert, Kittisak, Sakapas Saengchai, and Jintana Pattanapongthorn. 2019. of People Access to Public Drugs on Substance Abuse and Delinquency Behavior in Thailand: Mediating Role of Life Reviews in Pharmacy, 10 (2), 34-43. doi:10.5530/srp.2019.2.07 Chicago Style Jermsittiparsert, Kittisak, Sakapas Saengchai, and Jintana Pattanapongthorn. Impact of People Access to Public Drugs on Substance Abuse and Delinquency Behavior in Thailand: Mediating Role of Life Satisfaction. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 10 (2019), 34-43. doi:10.5530/srp.2019.2.07 MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style Jermsittiparsert, Kittisak, Sakapas Saengchai, and Jintana Pattanapongthorn. Impact of People Access to Public Drugs on Substance Abuse and Delinquency Behavior in Thailand: Mediating Role of Life Satisfaction. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 10.2 (2019), 34-43. Print. doi:10.5530/srp.2019.2.07 APA (American Psychological Association) Style Jermsittiparsert, K., Saengchai, . S. & Pattanapongthorn, . J. (2019) of People Access to Public Drugs on Substance Abuse and Delinquency Behavior in Thailand: Mediating Role of Life Reviews in Pharmacy, 10 (2), 34-43. doi:10.5530/srp.2019.2.07

Nigerian students are at a crossroads because of the rapid erosion of the value system in Nigeria, not because of corruption, unemployment, and poverty. The emergence of social media and peer influence has a different impact. This study explored the effects of social media and peer pressure on moral disengagement among secondary school students in Onitsha North LGA of Anambra State. The research sample size was 400 secondary school students selected through a multi-stage sampling technique from a population of 1,400 secondary school students in 12 government secondary schools in the Onitsha Education Zone. The results show that the presence of participants on social media, such as WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram, etc., is quite high, with more than half of the population 167 (50.9%) always using social media. These findings also reveal the high use of social media among students, which may hurt student life, especially moral life. It was also confirmed that friendship and fun were the main satisfactions students got from social media, with a combined rate of 68% for 238 students. In addition, peer pressure has a negative (but not significant) impact on students' moral disengagement. However, this impact did not reach a substantial proportion at β = 0.06, p > 0.05 (n = 389), which means that the results did not support the first hypothesis, so it was rejected. Social media has a positive and significant impact on students' moral disengagement at β = 0.49, p < 0.05 (n = 389). These findings reveal a directly proportional impact of social media use on students' moral disengagement. It is recommended that parents, teachers, and other guardians regulate internet exposure via social media in teenagers and young adults to prevent them from becoming too busy or becoming addicted.

This study aims to determine the effect of conformity, intention, and gender toward drug abuse behavior in Tebo Ilir Jambi District. The subjects of this study were 360 adolescents aged 15-21 years old, who live in Tebo Ilir District, Tebo Regency, Jambi Province. The data analysis in this study used multiple linear regression with the dummy method of the SPPS 26.0 for windows application. The hypothesis proposed is conformity, intention, and the influence of gender on drug abuse behavior. The results of this study indicate that conformity, intention, and gender affect drug abuse behavior with an R Square value of 0.752 with a significance value of (p= 0,000 <0,05). In addition, conformity has significant positive role toward drug abuse behavior (p= 0,000< 0,05), intention has significant positive role toward drug abuse behavior (p= 0,000< 0,05) and gender has significant positive role toward drug abuse behavior (p= 0,000<0,05). The male was involved in drug abuse behavior higher than the female with a mean value of 24.27, while the female was 12.39. Drug abuse behavior in adolescents is included in the moderate category with 296 adolescents out of 360 adolescents. The next result stated that 64 teenagers were in the highest category. This means that from 360 research respondents tend to use drugs.

Affiliation with deviant peers among children of substance dependent fathers from pre-adolescence into adolescence: associations with problem behaviors

Purpose: This study aimed at investigating the relationship between substance abuse and delinquent behaviour among secondary school students in Dutsin-Ma LGA, Katsina State. Methodology: Three hundred and eighty-one (381) students were send as sample from three public schools in Dutsin-ma Local Government Area Katsina State. The data collected was analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) and t-test Statistical analysis was used to analyze the data collected. Substance Abuse Questionnaire (SAQ) and Delinquent Behaviour Questionnaire were Constructed and used in the data collection. The instruments was validated by educational experts while the Substance Abuse Questionnaire (SAQ) have reliability index of 0.81 and Delinquent Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ) have reliability index of 0.76 respectively. Results: The findings on substance abuse and delinquent behaviour revealed that r-value is 0.596 and P-value (0.000 &lt;0.5). Therefore, indicated that there was moderate positive relationship between substance abuse and delinquent behaviour among Secondary School Students. On substance abuse, delinquent behaviour and gender, the result showed that p-value of 0.044 is less than 0.05 level of significance at 380 degrees of freedom indicating that there is a significant relationship between substance abuse and delinquent behaviour on the gender basis. On class level, the result revealed that p-value of 0.008 is less than 0.05 level of significance indicating that there is a significant relationship between substance abuse and delinquent behaviour. Conclusion: The researchers therefore recommended that parents, school, society and government should joint hand in the supervision, monitoring, and guiding students both at home, school and on the streets as well as checkmating their associates and whereabouts.

Psychological functioning, media pressure and body dissatisfaction among college women

Aim/Purpose: The main objective of this study is to explore the relationships among social media experience processes, peer influence, and fear of missing out (FoMO), as well as their impact on adolescent students’ choice of participation in academic activities. Background: The increasing digitization of the world has consolidated social media as a dominant means of communication in the modern era. Adolescents are heavily engaged with smartphones and social platforms, resulting in substantial exposure to their influences. This exposure leads to a rise in sharing academic achievements and experiences on social media platforms. This trend has transformed academic success into a symbol of admiration, affecting how young individuals perceive their educational activities. During adolescence, a phase characterized by heightened vulnerability and intense social connections, young people become more susceptible to phenomena such as peer influence and FoMO. Social media, serving as a platform to showcase experiences and achievements, plays a pivotal role in shaping peer norms that subsequently impact peer influence and FoMO. Given the significant interplay between social media, peer influence, and FoMO, there is a need to explore whether social media experiences can predict academic-related peer influence and FoMO, as well as understand their interrelationships. This exploration is essential for understanding the cumulative impact of these factors on students’ academic pursuits. These insights hold the potential to guide the effective management of the potentially excessive effects of social media, thus promoting a more balanced and productive student life when confronting contemporary challenges. Methodology: The study employed a quantitative approach, using 5-point Likert scales to collect data via an online survey. The questionnaire was designed based on the theoretical framework regarding transformations of peer experiences in social media contexts developed by Nesi and co-researchers, which mainly interpreted the characterization of social media and how its features could amplify or alter the formation of Peer Influence and FoMO. The data from 419 valid responses from secondary and high school students in Vietnam were analyzed using reliability tests, factor analysis methods, and structural equation modeling (SEM) methods. Contribution: This research is meaningful in raising awareness of researchers, students, teachers, and parents about the vigorous impacts of social media on students’ academic activities and serves as the foundation for further research on regulation methods to secure healthy social media use and academic development. Findings: It was found that social media was characterized by two latent variables: Online Peer Norms and Novel Peer Experiences. The results showed that both factors were strong predictors of peer influence, while for FoMO, only the variable of Online Peer Norms was a significant predictor. FoMO was found to mediate the impact of social media experience on peer influence. Finally, peer influence relatively affected students’ participation in academic activities, while FoMO did not. Recommendations for Practitioners: The results suggested that social media can be a means to encourage positive academic participation and, thus, can be utilized in spreading educational programs and promoting academic motivation. At the same time, measures to counteract academic pressure should also take social media into consideration. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers can utilize the framework of this study to investigate other adolescent media-related mental and behavioral phenomena as well. In addition, researchers should build a clearer understanding of FoMO’s interactions with academic matters. Impact on Society: Social media can either be a great assistance or a huge risk to the development of future generations of society. It is capable of spurring mental and behavioral changes that can radically impact youths’ growth on their educational paths. Future Research: The relationship between peer influence and FoMO should be delved into from more diverse dimensions. Future research should encompass peer influence and social media’s involvement in academic self-concepts and well-being.

Geosocial-networking smartphone applications ("apps") are widely used by gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) and facilitate connections between users based on proximity and attraction. MSM have sexual encounters and relationships of varying degrees of emotional and physical intimacy with app-met individuals, potentially placing them at risk for intimate partner violence (IPV). The purpose of the current study was to utilize a geosocial-networking application to investigate relationships between experiences of IPV victimization as it relates to substance use and sexual risk behaviors in a sample of MSM. Participants ( n = 175) were recruited by means of broadcast advertisements on an application widely used by MSM (Grindr) to seek sexual partners. Multivariable regression models were fit to examine associations between IPV, substance abuse, and sexual risk behaviors. Lifetime experiences of IPV victimization were common, where 37.7% of respondents reported having experienced at least one form of IPV. While a marginally significant positive association between IPV and substance abuse was detected in multivariable models ( p = .095), individual forms of IPV were strongly associated with substance abuse. For example, sexual IPV victimization was associated with an increase in substance abuse in the preceding month ( p = .004). Experiences of IPV victimization were associated with higher numbers of partners for both condomless receptive and insertive anal intercourse ( p < .05). Given the relatively high prevalence of IPV victimization and its associations with substance abuse and sexual risk behaviors, these findings suggest that IPV screening and prevention programs may reduce substance abuse and sexual risk behaviors in this population.

Background and purpose: Muscle dysmorphia is one of the most common forms of body dysmorphic disorder. It is part of the obsessive-compulsive disorders, wherein sufferers believe that the body is too small or not muscular enough. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of muscle dysmorphia among fitness center members.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at five fitness centers with 117 respondents. Several scales were applied including: 1) 4th edition Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Scale (SATAQ) to measure self-internalization, family, peer, and media pressures; 2) Physical Appearance Comparison Scale (PACS) to measure social comparison; 3) Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (BESAA) to measure respondents' satisfaction with their bodies and 4) The Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory (MDDI) to measure muscle dysmorphia. Meanwhile, weight was measured with Kris EB9-4A Series digital scales, height with GEA microtoise and body fat percentage with a digital HBF-306 body fat monitor. Spearman’s Correlation test was performed for the bivariate analysis and multiple linear regression for the multivariate analysis.Results: The prevalence of muscle dysmorphia among fitness center members was 43.6% (95%CI=33.99:53.20) in the total sample based on MDDI cut-off score. Bivariate analysis shows that six variables including body fat percentage, total physical activity, thin/low body fat internalizations, muscular/athletic internalizations, peer pressure, media pressure associated with muscle dysmorphia. In the multivariate analysis, only four variables were significantly associated with muscle dysmorphia, namely: muscular/athletic internalization (β=0.369, 95%CI=0.296:0776, p&lt;0.001), media pressure (β=0.277, 95%CI=0.167:0.595, p&lt;0.001), body fat percentage (β=-0.262, 95%CI=-0.301:-0.067, p=0.002) and body dissatisfaction (β=-0.224, 95%CI=-0.245:-0.050, p=0.003).Conclusion: The prevalence of muscle dysmorphia in Denpasar City is relatively high. Muscular/athletic internalization, media exposure, body fat percentage and body satisfaction are associated with increase chance of having muscle dysmorphia.

Background: Eating disorders (ED) are believed to be more susceptible in women due to varied factors involving dissatisfaction with their body and appearance. The exact cause of ED isn't known. But it may be triggered by biological, psychological, environmental, and social factors.Objectives: The current literature aims to explore the body dissatisfaction of women from Almadinah Almunawarah and factors that may contribute to developing risk of ED and assess the discrepancies between desired and healthy BMI.Methods: The Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire-4 (SATAQ-4) questionnaire surveyed 384 females to explore family, peer, and media pressure, followed by the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) questionnaire to recognize those at risk of developing ED. The body dissatisfaction of the sample was measured by the difference between the healthy BMI and the desired BMI.Results: A total of 127 of the participants, who were reported to have a high probability of developing an ED, had the highest factor scored in the SATAQ-4 questionnaire being media exposure with a p-value less than 0.001. The study showed a difference in the ideal body and what is considered a healthy BMI. Results showed no correlation between BMI and developing ED.Discussion: Women of younger age groups are more vulnerable to being under the influence of sociocultural attitudes, thus they are more susceptible to developing risky eating behaviors. This can be affected by family, peers, and media factors.Conclusion: The findings of this study show a high prevalence of risky eating behaviors, particularly among those who experience family and media pressure toward body shape and weight. Peer pressure was also identified as a significant risk factor. These findings emphasize the need for interventions that target sociocultural attitudes and provide support for vulnerable individuals.

Background and purpose: Muscle dysmorphia is one of the most common forms of body dysmorphic disorder. It is part of the obsessive-compulsive disorders, wherein sufferers believe that the body is too small or not muscular enough. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of muscle dysmorphia among fitness center members. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at five fitness centers with 117 respondents. Several scales were applied including: 1) 4th edition Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Scale (SATAQ) to measure self-internalization, family, peer, and media pressures; 2) Physical Appearance Comparison Scale (PACS) to measure social comparison; 3) Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (BESAA) to measure respondents’ satisfaction with their bodies and 4) The Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory (MDDI) to measure muscle dysmorphia. Meanwhile, weight was measured with Kris EB9-4A Series digital scales, height with GEA microtoise and body fat percentage with a digital HBF-306 body fat monitor. Spearman’s Correlation test was performed for the bivariate analysis and multiple linear regression for the multivariate analysis. Results: The prevalence of muscle dysmorphia among fitness center members was 43.6% (95%CI=33.99:53.20) in the total sample based on MDDI cut-off score. Bivariate analysis shows that six variables including body fat percentage, total physical activity, thin/low body fat internalizations, muscular/athletic internalizations, peer pressure, media pressure associated with muscle dysmorphia. In the multivariate analysis, only four variables were significantly associated with muscle dysmorphia, namely: muscular/athletic internalization (β=0.369, 95%CI=0.296:0776, p&lt;0.001), media pressure (β=0.277, 95%CI=0.167:0.595, p&lt;0.001), body fat percentage (β=-0.262, 95%CI=-0.301:-0.067, p=0.002) and body dissatisfaction (β=-0.224, 95%CI=-0.245:- 0.050, p=0.003). Conclusion: The prevalence of muscle dysmorphia in Denpasar City is relatively high. Muscular/athletic internalization, media exposure, body fat percentage and body satisfaction are associated with increase chance of having muscle dysmorphia.

Given the range of negative correlates associated with orthorexia nervosa (ON), it is important to identify factors that might contribute to the elevated ON tendencies. Based on the tripartite model of influence, we tested whether sociocultural attitudes towards appearance (i.e., thin and muscular internalization as well as family, peer and media pressure) could contribute to ON. We hypothesized that these attitudes could exert their effect through the intervening processes basic psychological need fulfillment and health anxiety. The hypotheses were tested on a sample of 710 young adults (Mage = 21.79, SDage = 2.31). Participants completed validated questionnaires measuring the constructs of interest. According to the structural equation modeling results, ON was predicted by thinness and muscular internalization as well as media pressure. Need fulfillment and health anxiety partially mediated these relationships. Family and peer pressure were not related to ON. The present results suggest that internalization of appearance ideas and media pressure contribute to ON through need fulfillment and health anxiety. These findings also provide novel insight into the nature of ON. Level V (descriptive cross-sectional study.

The aim of the study was to illuminate and interpret the lived experiences of emigration, substance abuse and suicidal behaviour in young non-western men in Scandinavia. The research questions were formulated as: (1) How is meaning constructed in the narratives? (2) What impact do these experiences have on health, well-being and coping? Data were collected using open-ended in-depth interviews. A phenomenological-hermeneutic approach, inspired by the philosophy of Ricoeur, was used to analyse the data. The na?¨ve reading involved awareness of the participants' perceived sense of insecurity in life. The structural analysis identified three themes: (1) the meaning of getting in a tight spot, (2) the meaning of being in a fog and (3) the meaning of the burning bed. A comprehensive understanding of the data was formulated as "living in a maze". Ill health involved having a sense of liminality, which impaired one's possibilities to define and re-define goals. Substance abuse and suicidal behaviour were explicit expressions of not being well, when living in a maze that was perceived as closed. Both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping were used by the participants. These provided the motivation for substance abuse and suicidal behaviour. Key words: Public health, emigration, substance abuse, suicidal behaviour, hermeneutics, men

Sociocultural antecedents of female sexual distress: applying the tripartite influence model in a group of women with vulvodynia.

Recent research suggests that dopaminergic/noradrenergic system dysfunction may be associated with substance abuse and/or antisocial behavior. In order to determine whether male youth of fathers with these disorders would manifest differences in these systems when compared with youth of nonsubstance-abusing or nonantisocial fathers, levels of homovanillic acid (HVA), the metabolite of dopamine (DA) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH), the enzyme facilitating the conversion of dopamine to norepineprhine, were studied in offspring blood samples. The subjects were 65 male youth aged 6-15 years admitted to a residential center because of behavioral disorders. Parental substance abuse and antisocial behavior were assessed through interviews, rating scales, and/or chart review. HVA and DBH were determined from blood samples obtained after admission. The findings indicated that youth of substance-abusing fathers had significantly greater levels of HVA than yough of nonsubstance-abusing fathers. Younger (< 12.0 years) boys of antisocial fathers had significantly lower DBH activity than comparably aged youth of nonantisocial fathers. The results suggest that common generational links in substance abuse and antisocial behavior in males may be associated with detectable biological parameters in susceptible youth.