Abstract
The finite element method is used to simulating the behavior of deep foundations subjected to negative skin friction in Basrah soil. Pile groups are analyzed under dragforces using 3D Plaxis software. Linear elastic and Mohr–Coulomb constitutive relations are adopted for the pile and soil materials. Three sites are selected to perform the study, where the negative skin friction is developed due to fill loads. The dragforces on driven piles, within (3 x 3) square groups with spacing of (3B), are evaluated and compared to their counterparts of single piles. The dragforces are decreased on piles constituting the group, and the reduction depends on pile location within the group. Centeral piles exhibit maximum reductions of (50%). To study the effect of pile spacing, a range of [(3B) to (6B)] was adopted. Apart from pile location, it is concluded that, the dragforce is proportional to pile spacing.
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