Study on the Smoke Spread Law of a Subway Tunnel Fire under the Synergistic Action of Shaft Smoke Exhaust and Longitudinal Ventilation

Abstract

Urban rail transit improves the urban spatial structure, solves the problem of urban traffic congestion, so its safety problem can not be ignored. Fire is one of the major factors threatening the safety of urban rail transit. Taking the tunnel between wengjiao road and Maqing road of Xiamen Rail Transit Line 2 as an example, the paper uses FDS software to simulate the mechanical smoke exhaust of the shaft under different wind speed conditions of the main tunnel, and deeply analyzes the smoke and temperature distribution under the fire conditions of the tunnel with the shaft. The results show that when the longitudinal wind speed v=1.7m/s and the shaft uses mechanical exhaust, there is no smoke upstream of the fire source, all the smoke is discharged through the shaft, and the height of the flue gas layer is significantly smaller than the thickness of the flue gas layer without longitudinal ventilation. The combination of longitudinal wind and mechanical smoke exhaust is more conducive to the safe evacuation of people.