Abstract
In order to understand and mitigate the deformation issues caused by the excavation of foundation pits within the influence area of fault zones, ensuring the safety of the subway system and supporting the sustainable development of the city, this paper takes the foundation pit project near the Shenzhen Metro Line 5 in the F1322 fault zone influence area as the research background, and uses theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and on-site measurement and other research methods to carry out in-depth research on the deformation problems of the adjacent subway tunnel caused by the unloading of the foundation pit excavation. The research results demonstrate that by considering the collaborative deformation effect between retaining piles and excavation sidewall soil under the spatial impact of foundation pit excavation and using the Mindlin solution to calculate the additional stress on the sidewall and bottom of the foundation pit, a deformation calculation formula for the tunnel has been established. The impact characteristics of different geological parameter variations on the horizontal and vertical displacements of the tunnel have been analyzed. The sensitivity analysis of maximum tunnel displacement to different geological parameters reveals that the most sensitive factor is the elastic modulus, followed by the internal friction angle, while the cohesion has the least influence. By fitting the data, it has been found that the maximum deformation of the tunnel under composite strata excavation exhibits a good linear relationship with the index bH/L and a prediction formula for the maximum tunnel deformation under this geological condition has been developed. Therefore, the research findings of this study can be utilized to assess the impact of foundation pit excavation on the deformation of subway tunnels under similar geological conditions. They can also be employed to formulate construction monitoring plans and risk management strategies, contributing to the safety of subway systems and the sustainable development of cities.
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