Abstract
Delay tolerant mobile networks feature with intermittent connectivity, huge transmission delay, nodal mobility, and so forth. There is usually no end-to-end path in the networks and it poses great challenges for routing in DTMNs. In this paper, the architecture of DTMNs is introduced at first, including the characteristics of DTMNs, routing challenges, and metric and mobility models. And then, the state-of-the-art routing protocols for DTMNs are discussed and analyzed. Routing strategies are classified into three categories: nonknowledge-based approach, knowledge-based approach, and social-based approach. Finally, some research issues about DTMNs are presented.
Highlights
With the rapid development of low-power wireless communication technology and integrated circuit technology, there emerge a large number of low-cost, portable wireless devices. ese devices are organized into a wireless ad hoc network and communicate with each other by multihop transmissions, which have great potential for many applications
We summarize some of the routing challenges that affect routing and forwarding in delay tolerant mobile networks (DTMNs)
Data delivery delay is another metric to evaluate the performance of routing strategies of DTMNs, which is the time interval between when data is generated by the source node and when it is received by the destination
Summary
With the rapid development of low-power wireless communication technology and integrated circuit technology, there emerge a large number of low-cost, portable wireless devices. ese devices are organized into a wireless ad hoc network and communicate with each other by multihop transmissions, which have great potential for many applications. There are some other metrics to evaluate the performance of the routing strategies for application of speci c DTMNs such as energy consumption, the number of replications, and network overhead. Data delivery delay is another metric to evaluate the performance of routing strategies of DTMNs, which is the time interval between when data is generated by the source node and when it is received by the destination. E idea of using communities to represent group movements in an infrastructure-based WiFi network has been exploited in [38] and in its time-variant extension is presented in [39] More speci cally, this model preserves two fundamental characteristics, the skewed location visiting preferences and the periodical reappearance of nodes in the same location. Map-based mobility model is designed for a speci c type of DTMNs, vehicular delay tolerant networks. Different from the random-based mobility model, the movement of the nodes in vehicular delay tolerant networks is not random. A er collecting 4 days of data during the conference period, they replay traces using an emulator and discover that a small label indicating affiliation can effectively reduce the delivery cost, without trading off much against delivery ratio. e intuition that identifying community can improve message delivery turns out to be true even during a conference where the people from different subcommunities tend to mix together
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