Study on Risk Factors of 132 Gynecological Perinatal Morbidity of Stress Urinary Incontinence

Abstract

Objective To analyze the risk factors associated with perinatal morbidity of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in outpatient of gynecological clinics. Methods From May to November 2010, 132 women were randomly collected from 2600 women who came to the outpatient clinic for pregnancy examination, and were recruited as study group. The possible risk factors that related to SUI were analyzed. According to the modes of delivery, 132 women who at gestational age of 28-36 weeks were divided into cesarean group(n=64) and vaginal delivery group(n=68). Through perineum three-dimensional ultrasound detected the changes of the reproductive slit pores: Anteroposterior diameter (AP) and lateral diameter (LD) of the above mentioned pregnant women when at resting and maximal strength, posterior urethra-vesical angle (α) and the flexibility of bladder neck(θ), the distance between the pubic symphysis midpoint and bladder neck(D)and so on. This was a prospective observational study with institutional ethics approval and written maternal consent. There had no significant differences between cesarean group and vaginal delivery group among ages, parities, and body mass index(BMI) (P>0.05). Results Prevalence of SUI between ages, modes of delivery, parities, BMI, birth weights of neonates all had significant difference(P<0.05). During 28-36 gestational weeks and 6-8 weeks after delivery, the α, θ and D had significant differences(P<0.05) between cesarean group and vaginal delivery group. It also had significant differences(P<0.05)in AP and LD. Conclusions Pregnancy and delivery can cause pelvic tissue damage. The prevalence of female SUI increased with parity and BMI. But cesarean section has a limited protective effect on pelvic floor function. Perinatal three-dimensional ultrasonography examination is a useful tool to evaluate females with SUI. Key words: perinatal; stress urinary incontinence; perineal three-dimensional ultrasonography; risk factor