Abstract
Asthma is being the leading cause of hospitalization for children, it is one of the most important chronic conditions causing elementary school absenteeism. The risk of developing asthma depends on a variety of predisposing factors, both hereditary and environmental. Risk factors are: genetic predisposition (family history of atopy or asthma); perinatal factors (low birth weight, prematurity); exposure to a variety of allergens; upper respiratory tract infections; air pollution; tobacco smoke , diet and obesity. Substantial increase in the incidence of asthma over the past few decades, and geographic variation prevalence rates, supports the hypothesis that environmental factors may play an important role.
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