Study on erythrosine-phen-Cd(II) systems by resonance Rayleigh scattering, absorption spectra and their analytical applications

Abstract

In pH 7.0–8.0 KH2PO4–Na2HPO4 buffer solution, Cd(II) reacted with 1,10-phenanthroline to form chelate cation [Cd(phen)3]2+, which further reacted with anion of erythrosine to form ternary ion-association complex through electrostatic attraction and hydrophobic effect. This process could result in remarkable absorption spectra change and produce obvious fading reaction at 528nm. Absorbance change (ΔA) of system was directly proportional to the concentration of Cd(II). Hereby, a highly sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of Cd(II) was established. The molar absorption coefficient was 2.29×105Lmol−1cm−1 and the detection limit of Cd(II) was 26.5ngmL−1. Furthermore, the resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) of this system with two peaks located at 371 and 590nm enhanced significantly, and second-order scattering (SOS) and frequence doubling scattering (FDS) of this system changed notably at 640 and 350nm, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, the scattering intensities (ΔIRRS, ΔIDWO-RRS, ΔISOS and ΔIFDS) had good linear relationship with the concentration of Cd(II) in certain ranges. The detection limits of Cd(II) were 1.27ngmL−1, 1.39ngmL−1, 4.03ngmL−1, 5.92ngmL−1 and 14.7ngmL−1 for dual-wavelength overlapping resonance Rayleigh scattering (DWO-RRS), RRS (371nm), RRS (590nm), SOS and FDS, respectively. In addition, the suitable reaction conditions and effects of coexisting substances were investigated. The methods had been successfully applied to the determination of Cd(II) in environmental water samples. The recovery range was between 93.0% and 103.0% and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was between 2.5% and 4.3%. The results were in agreement with those obtained from atomic absorption spectroscopy.