Abstract
ZSM-5 zeolite was an excellent shape-selectivity catalyst, but its micropore structure, high hydrogen transfer activity and acid strength limited its application in the processing of heavy oil. This study put forward to adding solid base calcium aluminate into ZSM-5 to crack the large-molecule oil, while the ZSM-5 was used to convert the small-molecule gas-oil into light olefins. The experiments of catalytic pyrolysis of vacuum residue (VR) over calcium aluminate and ZSM-5 mixed catalysts were investigated by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The results showed that the maximum light olefin relative content of 26.99% obtained with 50% calcium aluminate/50% ZSM-5, which was higher than that obtained with pure ZSM-5. Besides, the calcium aluminate/ZSM-5 catalyst (acid-base mixed catalyst) was more favorable to the formation of olefins compared with FCC/ZSM-5 catalyst (acid-acid mixed catalyst). To further study the cracking of VR over acid-base mixed catalyst, the catalytic characteristics of its eight group-fractions were analyzed. The saturate fraction contributed to the formation of light olefins, while the highest relative content of aromatic compounds was obtained from light aromatic fraction. The various fractions showed different yields of hydrocarbons due to their different composition and structure and the interactions among them affected the product compositions of VR.
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