STUDY OF THE COMPOSITION OF MICROFLORA OF ROOT CANALS IN PRIMARY AND CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS

Abstract

The problem of chronic focal infection of the pulp and periodontal tissues is relevant for both therapeutic and surgical dentistry. It has been proven that the long-term effect of microbial flora on the filling material, root dentin, periodontium and bone tissue often leads to destructive lesions of the periodontal tissues. Objective: to determine the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microflora of root canals in people with different degrees of manifestation of the inflammatory process. Materials and methods. The article defines the qualitative and quantitative composition of microflora of root canals in acute and chronic periodontitis. A study included 35 patients aged 25 to 35 years who applied to the dental center at the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry of the Dnipro State Medical University for treatment. A clinical and bacteriological study was conducted according to WHO recommendations. Root canal contents were collected with a paper sterile pin on Ames transport sterile medium (10 ml). Within 2-3 hours, the material was delivered to the microbiological laboratory for quantitative bacteriological research using anaerobic cultivation techniques. Isolation of pure cultures of anaerobic microorganisms and their subsequent identification was carried out using nutrient media intended for their cultivation. In order to identify aerobic or facultative anaerobic microflora in the studied material, inoculation was carried out on blood agar and sugar agar. Cultures were incubated for 24–72 hours in a thermostat at 37°C. At the second stage, macroand microscopic examination of colonies, smear preparation and Gram staining were performed. Isolation of pure cultures was carried out by generally accepted measures of bacteriological research. On the basis of the data obtained, microorganisms were identified according to the binary nomenclature with the determination of the amount of the selected strain in the material. Results and discussion. In the content of root canals of teeth in chronic and acute forms of periodontitis, pathogens are more often in the composition of microbial associations, which were detected in 61.1% of acute cases, and in 52.9% of chronic cases, respectively. Microbiological research of the content of root canals indicates different intensity and composition of microbial insemination in different forms of periodontitis. Streptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Candidia albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis are more often detected in patients with acute pulpitis, and in patients with chronic forms bacteria from the group of gram-negative obligate anaerobic bacilli Porphyromonas spp., Prevotella intermedia, Streptocoсcus sanguis, Fusobacterium spp., Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, the prospect of further research consists in studying the influence of the formation of biological film of microorganisms in various forms of periodontitis and the ability to increase resistance to antibiotics.