Abstract
The optimal conditions for the preparation of polymeric aluminium(III) hydroxide species for water treatment has been described. The partially hydrolysed aluminium(III) solutions were characterized by ultrafiltration method, ferron assay, 27Al n.m.r. measurements, high pressure anion exchange chromatography and precipitation of polymeric aluminium hydroxo species with sodium sulphate. The results of these tend to suggest that the polymeric aluminium(III) hydroxide species have a size between 10–20 Å; these have an average residual positive charge of 0.54, and constitute about 80% of the total aluminium in the hydrolysed solution. They are retained by UM05 membrane. 27Al measurements indicate that Al 13O 4(OH) 24 7− ion are the predominant polymeric species in these solutions. In addition to these the hydrolysed aluminium(III) solutions contain low proportions of monomeric aluminium hydroxo species and inert micro-crystalline aluminium hydroxide. The effect of ageing, dilution and pH on the stability and characteristics of the aluminium hydroxide polymer were also studied in detail.
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