Abstract
A comprehensive study of the formation process of haze events in the Jinan area of China during winter is conducted based on the ground-based and satellite observation data from 1 December 2020 to 12 January 2021. According to variation of pollutant concentrations, two typical types of haze pollution are found in the Jinan area. During the type 1 haze pollution, the PM2.5 concentrations are greater than 75 μgm−3 and less than 115 μgm−3 with a short duration. The haze is mainly caused by local pollutant emissions and the accumulation of pollutants transported from areas around Jinan. By contrast, type 2 haze pollution episodes have a long duration and peak PM2.5 concentrations between 150 μgm−3 and 250 μgm−3, which is considered heavy pollution. Type 2 haze pollution is mainly caused by a mixture of long-range transported dust with locally emitted pollutants. Moreover, the unfavorable meteorological factors such as stable inversion layer, continuous cold high-pressure system, high relative humidity, and low wind speed play an important role in the formation of both types of haze pollution. In addition, there are significant photochemical processes during the haze pollutions. According to satellite data, the AOD in Jinan and surrounding areas is maintained at a high-level during haze pollution. It indicates that the local pollution is often accompanied by regional pollution during haze pollution events. This study reveals the formation process of haze pollution and promotes the study of regional climate change, which can provide guidance to the government in the prevention and control of haze pollution in East China.
Highlights
IntroductionTang et al [21] analyzed the characteristics and formation of a haze-fog-dust event that occurred in North China and emphasized the effect of dust transport on regional environmental pollution during the autumn and the winter
The formation process of haze events and the aerosol optical properties during the pollution period in the Jinan area of China in winter were analyzed by combining ground and satellite observations
Two typical types of haze pollution were found in the Jinan area according to their duration, pollutant sources, and formation processes
Summary
Tang et al [21] analyzed the characteristics and formation of a haze-fog-dust event that occurred in North China and emphasized the effect of dust transport on regional environmental pollution during the autumn and the winter. He et al [22] studied the vertical distribution, horizontal extent and optical properties of dust in Wuhan area using polarized lidar and. The dust layer is lower in winter due to the lower tropospheric inversion temperature and hygroscopic growth under proper relative humidity conditions These studies improve our understanding of the sources and formation process of air pollution. The regional pollution characteristics of the winter pollution events are verified using MODIS satellite data
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