Study of Oxidative Stress Marker Serum Paraoxonase in Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

Purpose: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of interrelated risk factors of metabolic origin that appear to promote development of cardiovascular disease. It has become one of the most important topics for this decade because of marked increase in cardiovascular disease associated with risk factors. Paraoxonase (PON) is a family of three enzymes, PON1, PON2 and PON3, the gene which is located on chromosome 7. This is high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated enzyme with antioxidant activity. The objective of the present study aimed at measurement of PON1 activities in patients with MetS, to compare PON1 activities in patients with MetS with those in controls and assess its relationship with the lipoproteins in serum. Material and Method: Cases were included as per the criteria put forth by the International Diabetes Federation. Serum PON1 activities were measured using spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20.0. Result: Serum PON1 arylesterase and lactonase activities were found to be reduced significantly in patients with MetS than in controls. PON1 activities showed a positive correlation with HDL, fasting blood glucose and diastolic blood pressure. Linear regression analysis showed a significant correlation between PON1 activities and body mass index. Discussion: From the present study, it is clear that reduction in PON1 activities in MetS is mainly due either to abnormalities with synthesis or secretion of HDL cholesterol or oxidative stress as a consequence of excess production of the free radicals. This study also iterates that it is the quality and not the quantity of HDL cholesterol is important while studying the pathophysiology of MetS.