Abstract
The first aim of this paper is to compare three cases, where two cases contain turbulence sub-grid scale (SGS) models, which are commonly applied in wall-bounded flows. They use a bit different formulation of how to estimate the eddy-viscosity fields in a vicinity of walls. The SGS effect is obvious on flow rates through an intra-glottal gap. The second aim is to attend to a direct impact of the specific SGS model onto the sound pressure levels of frequency components (human formants). The third aim is focused on the effect of an initial time, when the vocal folds are in a start convergent phase itself and when the flow is suddenly accelerated due to boundary conditions. The effect is shown at aeroacoustic spectra.
Highlights
The generation of the human voice itself is quite a complicated biophysical process concerning flow-structure-acoustic interactions
The cases marked as “1” are computed with the effect of the initialization, which included the flow data at t in s, with a time step Δt = 0.0001 s and the subscript “2” means, that the computation is without the initialization effect, using the flow data started from the 1/100 of the first period of the vocal folds oscillation to the end of the 19th oscillation cycle, i.e. t in s
Numerical solutions of a subsonic incompressible on the computational grid of larynx were computed by Large-Eddy Simulation method and different sub-grid scale models were applied and compared from the aeroacoustic point of view
Summary
The generation of the human voice itself is quite a complicated biophysical process concerning flow-structure-acoustic interactions. Viscoelastic multi-layer tissues covering vocal folds interact with air by oscillation (monopole acoustic source). This kind of oscillation and the expelled air ensure conditions for a creation of turbulent structures (dipole acoustic source). The frequency components are modulated by a specific vocal tract (quadrupole sources) and the acoustic energy is radiated outside to a far field. To deal with this task is performed the hybrid method connecting these three approaches: 1. The enormous range scale between acoustic and flow variables was reduced by the Perturbed Convective Wave Equation (PCWE) approach [1], [2]
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