Study of Gross Congenital Anomalies in the Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital anomaly is a structural or functional defect that occurs during intrauterine life and can beidentifiedprenatally,at birth or sometimelater in infancy. Congenital anomalies may be caused by genetic or environmental factors. Most congenital anomalies, however, show the familial patterns expected of multi-factorial inheritance. Methods:Cross sectional observational hospital based study conducted during the period of august 2020 to august 2021.All new-borns delivered in the hospital with congenital anomalies were included in study. Relevant information regarding maternal age, parity, gestational age, sex and the outcome were documented.Results:Incidence of congenital anomalies are more associated with increasing maternal and paternal age. Higher incidence was found in higher order pregnancy. Maximum cases of congenital anomalies affected musculoskeletal system followed by gastrointestinal system and genitourinary system.Conclusion:With the help of proper antenatal screening,diagnostic modalities and better health care facilities, congenital anomalies can be diagnosed earlier and interventions planned accordingly. Morethan one risk factors can be linked with congenital anomalies. Earlier Central nervous system anomaly was commonly involved but increase folate supplementation in target population reducing the incidence. Keywords: Antenatal scan, Gross congenital malformation, New born